Sun Jiacong, Liu Yonggang, Fei Shaodan, Wang Yixuan, Liu Jinglong, Zhang Haiying
College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Insects. 2024 Oct 16;15(10):810. doi: 10.3390/insects15100810.
Pesticides can induce target plants to release odors that are attractive or repellent to their herbivore insects. But, to date, the activity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), singly or as mixtures, which play a crucial role in the olfactory behavior of herbivore insects, remains unclear. The objective of our research was to investigate the impact of thiamethoxam (TMX), a pesticide, on the emission of odors by wheat plants, and how these odors influence the behavior of grain aphids (). showed a greater repellent response to the volatiles emitted by Thx-induced plants compared to those emitted by uncoated plants. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), we discovered that TMX greatly induced the release of VOCs in wheat plants. For instance, the levels of Bornyl acetate, 2-Oxepanone, Methyl acrylate, Cyclohexene, α-Pinene, and 1-Nonanol in coated wheat plants were significantly higher as compared to uncoated wheat plants. Moreover, varying concentrations also had an impact on the olfactory behavior of For instance, Cyclohexene exhibited clear attractiveness to aphids at concentrations of 100 μL/mL, whereas it displayed evident repellent properties at concentrations of 1 μL/mL and 10 μL/mL. These new findings demonstrate how TMX-induced VOCs affect the behavior of and could help in developing innovative approaches to manage aphids by manipulating the emission of plant volatiles. Furthermore, these findings can also be utilized to evaluate substances that either attract or repel aphids, with the aim of implementing early monitoring and environmentally friendly methods to manage aphids, while simultaneously impeding the spread of viruses.
农药可诱导目标植物释放对其植食性昆虫具有吸引或驱避作用的气味。但是，迄今为止，挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）单独或作为混合物在植食性昆虫嗅觉行为中发挥关键作用的活性仍不清楚。我们研究的目的是调查农药噻虫嗪（TMX）对小麦植株气味排放的影响，以及这些气味如何影响麦长管蚜的行为。与未处理植株释放的挥发物相比，麦长管蚜对噻虫嗪诱导植株释放的挥发物表现出更强的驱避反应。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GCMS），我们发现噻虫嗪极大地诱导了小麦植株中挥发性有机化合物的释放。例如，与未处理的小麦植株相比，处理过的小麦植株中乙酸龙脑酯、2 - 氧杂环庚酮、丙烯酸甲酯、环己烯、α - 蒎烯和1 - 壬醇的含量显著更高。此外，不同浓度对麦长管蚜的嗅觉行为也有影响。例如，环己烯在浓度为100μL/mL时对蚜虫表现出明显的吸引力，而在浓度为1μL/mL和10μL/mL时则表现出明显的驱避特性。这些新发现证明了噻虫嗪诱导的挥发性有机化合物如何影响麦长管蚜的行为，并有助于通过操纵植物挥发物的排放来开发创新的麦长管蚜防治方法。此外，这些发现还可用于评估吸引或驱避蚜虫的物质，以便实施早期监测和环境友好型麦长管蚜防治方法，同时阻止病毒传播。
