Amin Anish K, Huntley James S, Bush Peter G, Simpson A Hamish R W, Hall Andrew C
Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Old Dalkeith Road, Edinburgh EH16 4SU, Scotland, United Kingdom.
J Orthop Res. 2009 Jun;27(6):778-84. doi: 10.1002/jor.20809.
Calcium is thought to be an important regulator of chondrocyte death associated with articular cartilage injury. Our objective was to determine the influence of extracellular calcium on chondrocyte death following mechanical injury. Using a surgically relevant model of sharp mechanical injury (with a scalpel) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), in situ chondrocyte death was quantified within the full thickness of articular cartilage as a function of medium calcium concentration and time (2.5 h and 7 days). Exposure of articular cartilage to calcium-free media (approximately 0 mM) significantly reduced superficial zone chondrocyte death after mechanical injury compared with exposure to calcium-rich media (2-20 mM, ANOVA at 2.5 h, p = 0.002). In calcium-rich media, although the extent of chondrocyte death increased with increasing medium calcium concentration, cell death remained localized to the superficial zone of articular cartilage over 7 days (ANOVA, p < 0.05). However, in calcium-free media, there was an increase in chondrocyte death within deeper zones of articular cartilage over 7 days. The early (within hours) chondroprotective effect in calcium-free media suggests that the use of joint irrigation solutions without added calcium may decrease chondrocyte death from mechanical injury during articular surgery. The delayed (within days) increase in chondrocyte death in calcium-free media supports the use of calcium supplementation in media used during cartilage culture for tissue engineering or transplantation.
钙被认为是与关节软骨损伤相关的软骨细胞死亡的重要调节因子。我们的目的是确定细胞外钙对机械损伤后软骨细胞死亡的影响。使用手术相关的锐性机械损伤模型（用手术刀）和共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM），在关节软骨全层内原位定量软骨细胞死亡，作为培养基钙浓度和时间（2.5小时和7天）的函数。与暴露于富含钙的培养基（2 - 20 mM，2.5小时时方差分析，p = 0.002）相比，将关节软骨暴露于无钙培养基（约0 mM）可显著降低机械损伤后表层软骨细胞的死亡。在富含钙的培养基中，尽管软骨细胞死亡程度随培养基钙浓度增加而增加，但在7天内细胞死亡仍局限于关节软骨的表层（方差分析，p < 0.05）。然而，在无钙培养基中，7天内关节软骨深层区域的软骨细胞死亡有所增加。无钙培养基中的早期（数小时内）软骨保护作用表明，使用未添加钙的关节冲洗液可能会减少关节手术期间机械损伤导致的软骨细胞死亡。无钙培养基中软骨细胞死亡的延迟（数天内）增加支持在组织工程或移植的软骨培养所用培养基中补充钙。
