Shatenstein Bryna
Département de nutrition, Faculté de médecine, Universite de Montréal, Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4565 Queen Mary, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
J Nutr Elder. 2008;27(3-4):333-61. doi: 10.1080/01639360802265889.
Even well older adults may experience a range of age-related physiological changes and chronic health conditions and may become increasingly sedentary--key factors that could affect appetite and hunger and lead to changes in diet composition. The present article reviews recent literature on the impact of prevalent health conditions on dietary choice. Research shows some evidence that older adults make positive dietary changes following the onset of certain chronic health conditions. However, most chronic diseases appear to lead to dietary restrictions that compromise nutritional status. The nature of the health condition and its effect on physiological function will drive the dietary change process. The extent to which health care providers counsel their patients to incorporate changes into their diet and the mindset and belief system of each individual may also have a strong impact on food choices. A recurring theme in the research examined in this review was older adults' desire to improve their diet, coupled with their frustration at not being offered sufficient counseling by their health care providers. The role of health care professionals, particularly nutritionists, in guiding older adults toward an improved diet cannot be overstated.
即使是健康状况良好的老年人也可能会经历一系列与年龄相关的生理变化和慢性健康问题，而且可能会越来越久坐不动——这些关键因素可能会影响食欲和饥饿感，并导致饮食结构的改变。本文综述了关于常见健康状况对饮食选择影响的最新文献。研究表明，有一些证据显示老年人在某些慢性健康问题出现后会做出积极的饮食改变。然而，大多数慢性疾病似乎会导致饮食限制，从而损害营养状况。健康状况的性质及其对生理功能的影响将推动饮食改变过程。医疗保健提供者建议患者在饮食中做出改变的程度以及每个人的思维模式和信念体系也可能对食物选择产生重大影响。本综述所研究的文献中反复出现的一个主题是，老年人希望改善饮食，但又因医疗保健提供者没有提供足够的建议而感到沮丧。医疗保健专业人员，尤其是营养师，在引导老年人改善饮食方面的作用再怎么强调都不为过。
