Friedrich Reinhard E, Leist André, Scheuer Hanna A
Aus der Klinik und Poliklinik für Zahn-, Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie (Nordwestdeutsche Kieferklinik).
Arch Kriminol. 2008 Sep-Oct;222(3-4):73-104.
The eruption times of permanent teeth and the sequence of tooth eruption were investigated in 1,856 individuals aged 4 to 24 years (female: 912, male: 944). Wisdom teeth were excluded from the evaluation. All individuals were inhabitants of the German state of Saarland. The results were compared to results of national and international studies on tooth eruption of the 20th century and studies published in recent years. The teeth emerged symmetrically in each jaw. However, teeth erupted earlier in the mandible than in the maxilla, excluding the slightly earlier eruption of maxillary premolars and first molars in males. The sequence of emerging teeth in the maxilla of females is: first molar, central incisor, lateral incisor, first premolar, canine, second premolar, and second molar. The sequence of tooth eruption of the mandible of females differs from the maxillary sequence: first molar, central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, first premolar, second premolar, second molar. The sequence of emerging teeth in the maxilla of males is: first molar, central incisor, lateral incisor, first premolar, second premolar, canine, and second molar. The sequence of tooth eruption of the mandible of males differs from the maxillary sequence: first molar, central incisor, lateral incisor, first premolar, canine, second premolar, second molar. The results of this study are in accordance with those from other current studies of German federal states, obtained by the same method.
对1856名年龄在4至24岁的个体（女性912名，男性944名）的恒牙萌出时间和牙齿萌出顺序进行了调查。智齿未纳入评估范围。所有个体均为德国萨尔兰州的居民。将结果与20世纪国内和国际关于牙齿萌出的研究结果以及近年来发表的研究结果进行了比较。牙齿在每个颌骨中对称萌出。然而，下颌牙齿的萌出早于上颌，男性上颌前磨牙和第一磨牙的萌出略早除外。女性上颌牙齿萌出顺序为：第一磨牙、中切牙、侧切牙、第一前磨牙、尖牙、第二前磨牙、第二磨牙。女性下颌牙齿萌出顺序与上颌不同：第一磨牙、中切牙、侧切牙、尖牙、第一前磨牙、第二前磨牙、第二磨牙。男性上颌牙齿萌出顺序为：第一磨牙、中切牙、侧切牙、第一前磨牙、第二前磨牙、尖牙、第二磨牙。男性下颌牙齿萌出顺序与上颌不同：第一磨牙、中切牙、侧切牙、第一前磨牙、尖牙、第二前磨牙、第二磨牙。本研究结果与德国其他联邦州通过相同方法获得的当前其他研究结果一致。
