Hinotsu Shiro, Akaza Hideyuki, Miki Tsuneharu, Fujimoto Hiroyuki, Shinohara Nobuo, Kikuchi Eiji, Mizutani Yoichi, Koga Hirofumi, Okajima Eijiro, Okuyama Akihiko
Urology and Andrology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Int J Urol. 2009 Jan;16(1):64-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2008.02194.x. Epub 2008 Nov 27.
It is generally recognized that cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. The present study was undertaken to examine the relationships between smoking history of bladder cancer patients and the age of onset of bladder cancer and tumor characteristics.
The present study examined the data for 5959 cases (4728 males and 1231 females) collected in the bladder cancer database of the Japanese Urological Association from 1999 to 2001. Patients were divided by smoking history into three categories as current non-smokers, current smokers and unknown smoking history. Relationship between smoking history and the age at diagnosis of bladder cancer, gender, T stage, grade, tumor size, tumor number and initial symptoms was analyzed.
In both males and females the onset of bladder cancer is about 6 years (6.1 years in males and 5.9 years in females) earlier for current smokers than for current non-smokers. At the time of diagnosis, tumor stage was significantly higher in the current smokers group. The current smokers group tended to have larger tumor size.
The finding of 6-year-earlier onset of bladder cancer among current smokers is of great importance to both health care and medical economics. It is essential to make people better informed concerning the need to quit smoking.
人们普遍认为吸烟是膀胱癌最重要的危险因素。本研究旨在探讨膀胱癌患者的吸烟史与膀胱癌发病年龄及肿瘤特征之间的关系。
本研究调查了1999年至2001年日本泌尿外科学会膀胱癌数据库中收集的5959例病例（4728例男性和1231例女性）的数据。患者按吸烟史分为三类：当前不吸烟者、当前吸烟者和吸烟史不明者。分析了吸烟史与膀胱癌诊断年龄、性别、T分期、分级、肿瘤大小、肿瘤数量及初始症状之间的关系。
无论是男性还是女性，当前吸烟者的膀胱癌发病时间比当前不吸烟者早约6年（男性为6.1年，女性为5.9年）。在诊断时，当前吸烟者组的肿瘤分期明显更高。当前吸烟者组的肿瘤大小往往更大。
当前吸烟者膀胱癌发病早6年这一发现对医疗保健和医疗经济学都非常重要。让人们更好地了解戒烟的必要性至关重要。
