铁稳态与眼部疾病

Iron homeostasis and eye disease.

作者信息

Loh Allison, Hadziahmetovic Majda, Dunaief Joshua L

机构信息

F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

出版信息

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Jul;1790(7):637-49. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.11.001. Epub 2008 Nov 14.

BACKGROUND

Iron is necessary for life, but excess iron can be toxic to tissues. Iron is thought to damage tissues primarily by generating oxygen free radicals through the Fenton reaction.

METHODS

We present an overview of the evidence supporting iron's potential contribution to a broad range of eye disease using an anatomical approach.

RESULTS

Iron can be visualized in the cornea as iron lines in the normal aging cornea as well as in diseases like keratoconus and pterygium. In the lens, we present the evidence for the role of oxidative damage in cataractogenesis. Also, we review the evidence that iron may play a role in the pathogenesis of the retinal disease age-related macular degeneration. Although currently there is no direct link between excess iron and development of optic neuropathies, ferrous iron's ability to form highly reactive oxygen species may play a role in optic nerve pathology. Lastly, we discuss recent advances in prevention and therapeutics for eye disease with antioxidants and iron chelators.

GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE

Iron homeostasis is important for ocular health.

背景

铁是生命所必需的，但过量的铁对组织可能有毒性。铁被认为主要通过芬顿反应产生氧自由基来损害组织。

方法

我们采用解剖学方法概述了支持铁对广泛眼部疾病潜在影响的证据。

结果

在角膜中，铁可表现为正常老化角膜以及圆锥角膜和翼状胬肉等疾病中的铁线。在晶状体中，我们展示了氧化损伤在白内障形成过程中作用的证据。此外，我们回顾了铁可能在视网膜疾病年龄相关性黄斑变性发病机制中发挥作用的证据。尽管目前过量的铁与视神经病变的发展之间没有直接联系，但亚铁形成高活性氧物种的能力可能在视神经病理学中起作用。最后，我们讨论了使用抗氧化剂和铁螯合剂预防和治疗眼部疾病的最新进展。