Revilla Eloy, Wiegand Thorsten
Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Avenida de Maria Luisa s/n, Pabellón del Perú, 41013 Seville, Spain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Dec 9;105(49):19120-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801725105. Epub 2008 Dec 5.
The dynamics of spatially structured populations is characterized by within- and between-patch processes. The available theory describes the latter with simple distance-dependent functions that depend on landscape properties such as interpatch distance or patch size. Despite its potential role, we lack a good mechanistic understanding of how the movement of individuals between patches affects the dynamics of these populations. We used the theoretical framework provided by movement ecology to make a direct representation of the processes determining how individuals connect local populations in a spatially structured population of Iberian lynx. Interpatch processes depended on the heterogeneity of the matrix where patches are embedded and the parameters defining individual movement behavior. They were also very sensitive to the dynamic demographic variables limiting the time moving, the within-patch dynamics of available settlement sites (both spatiotemporally heterogeneous) and the response of individuals to the perceived risk while moving. These context-dependent dynamic factors are an inherent part of the movement process, producing connectivities and dispersal kernels whose variability is affected by other demographic processes. Mechanistic representations of interpatch movements, such as the one provided by the movement-ecology framework, permit the dynamic interaction of birth-death processes and individual movement behavior, thus improving our understanding of stochastic spatially structured populations.
空间结构化种群的动态变化由斑块内部和斑块之间的过程所表征。现有的理论用简单的距离依赖函数来描述后者，这些函数取决于诸如斑块间距离或斑块大小等景观属性。尽管其具有潜在作用，但我们对个体在斑块间的移动如何影响这些种群的动态变化缺乏深入的机制理解。我们利用运动生态学提供的理论框架，直接呈现了决定伊比利亚猞猁空间结构化种群中个体如何连接局部种群的过程。斑块间过程取决于斑块所嵌入基质的异质性以及定义个体移动行为的参数。它们还对限制移动时间的动态种群统计学变量、可用定居点的斑块内动态变化（时空均异）以及个体在移动时对感知到的风险的反应非常敏感。这些依赖于环境的动态因素是移动过程的固有组成部分，产生的连通性和扩散核的变异性会受到其他种群统计学过程的影响。斑块间移动的机制性呈现，例如运动生态学框架所提供的那种，允许出生 - 死亡过程与个体移动行为的动态相互作用，从而增进我们对随机空间结构化种群的理解。
