Sadeghi Gh, Pourreza J
University of Kurdistan, Kurdistan, Iran.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2007 Mar 15;10(6):977-81. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.977.981.
This study carried out to evaluate the effect of bitter vetch seeds on serum proteins and biochemical parameters in broiler chickens. A total of 1320 one-day-old broiler chicks of a commercial breed were placed in 64 pens. Treatments were included raw and four different processed bitter vetch seeds in three levels (150, 300 and 450 g kg(-1)) and a corn-soybean based diet as control. Each treatment group consisted of four replicates. Processing methods were included soaked in water for 12 h, autoclaved, then dried at room temperature (SAD); ground, soaked in water for 24 h, autoclaved and dried (GSAD); ground, soaked in water for 47 h with exchange water every 12 h, cooked and dried (GSCD) and ground, soaked at 1% acetic acid solution for 24 h at 60 degrees C (AA). Feeding raw, AA and GSAD seeds decreased serum albumin significantly (p<0.05) in 21-days-old chicks. Chickens that fed with raw and treated bitter vetch seed had lower alpha 1 and gamma globulins than control (p<0.05). Increasing raw and treated bitter vetch seeds from 15 to 30 and 45% decreased albumin, alpha 1 and gamma globulins and increased alpha 2 and beta globulins significantly (p<0.05). In 14-days-old chicks feeding raw and treated biter vetch had no effect on serum urea, but uric acid concentration decreased significantly (p<0.05). Feeding SAD seeds increased serum urea significantly (p<0.05), but uric acid concentration did not change with feeding raw and treated bitter vetch seeds in 42-day-old chicks. Adding raw and treated bitter vetch seeds to diet increased T4 and decreased T3 concentrations in all ages. At 28-days-old chicks, feeding raw and treated biter vetch seeds decreased alkaline phosphatase concentration significantly than control. Results showed that raw bitter vetch seeds have some toxic effects on metabolism in broiler chickens and GSCD and SAD treatments were more effective to detoxification of this seed.
本研究旨在评估苦苕子种子对肉鸡血清蛋白和生化参数的影响。总共1320只1日龄的商业品种肉鸡雏鸡被安置在64个鸡笼中。处理组包括生苦苕子种子以及经过四种不同加工方式的苦苕子种子，设置三个添加水平（150、300和450克/千克），并以玉米-大豆型日粮作为对照。每个处理组有四个重复。加工方法包括：在水中浸泡12小时，高压灭菌，然后在室温下干燥（SAD）；研磨，在水中浸泡24小时，高压灭菌并干燥（GSAD）；研磨，在水中浸泡47小时，每12小时换水一次，煮熟并干燥（GSCD）；研磨，在60℃的1%醋酸溶液中浸泡24小时（AA）。在21日龄雏鸡中，饲喂生苦苕子种子、经AA处理和GSAD处理的种子显著降低了血清白蛋白水平（p<0.05）。饲喂生苦苕子种子和经处理的苦苕子种子的鸡，其α1球蛋白和γ球蛋白水平低于对照组（p<0.05）。将生苦苕子种子和经处理的苦苕子种子添加量从15%增加到30%和45%，显著降低了白蛋白、α1球蛋白和γ球蛋白水平，并显著增加了α2球蛋白和β球蛋白水平（p<0.05）。在14日龄雏鸡中，饲喂生苦苕子种子和经处理的苦苕子种子对血清尿素没有影响，但尿酸浓度显著降低（p<0.05）。饲喂SAD处理的种子显著增加了血清尿素水平（p<0.05），但在42日龄雏鸡中，饲喂生苦苕子种子和经处理的苦苕子种子时尿酸浓度没有变化。在所有年龄段的鸡中，在日粮中添加生苦苕子种子和经处理的苦苕子种子均会增加T4浓度并降低T3浓度。在28日龄雏鸡中，饲喂生苦苕子种子和经处理的苦苕子种子的鸡，其碱性磷酸酶浓度显著低于对照组。结果表明，生苦苕子种子对肉鸡的代谢有一些毒性作用，GSCD和SAD处理对该种子的解毒效果更有效。
