Vioque Javier, Girón-Calle Julio, Torres-Salas Verenice, Elamine Youssef, Alaiz Manuel
Food Phytochemistry Department, Instituto de la Grasa (C.S.I.C.), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.
J Food Biochem. 2020 Jul;44(7):e13271. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13271. Epub 2020 May 11.
Vicia ervilia is an ancient crop from the Mediterranean Region. It may represent a useful source of proteins for food and animal feed, as well as bioactive components. Seed samples from 39 populations of V. ervilia have been analyzed. Polyphenol contents ranged from 0.09% to 0.19%. Luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, and quercetin were the major aglycones. The total free amino acid content of the seeds was 0.05% to 0.19% in which canavanine represented 9% to 22%. The protein content was 24.1%. The amino acid composition indicated a high content in acidic amino acids and a deficit in sulphur amino acids. V. ervilia seeds proved to be a good substrate for the preparation of protein isolates. The seed extracts inhibited the proliferation of Caco-2 colon tumor cells, simultaneously, exerting antioxidative effects. Hence, seeds of V. ervilia could represent a source of high-value food and feed components, as well as functional components. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Vicia ervilia (bitter vetch) (Leguminosae) is an ancient crop from the Mediterranean Region. Although it was still grown in many Mediterranean countries at the beginning of the twentieth century, other crops that provide higher and more consistent yield later replaced it. However, V. ervilia seeds may represent a useful source of proteins for human nutrition and animal feeding, and a source of bioactive components with health-promoting properties. Our results show that the seeds of V. ervilia could, indeed, represent a source of high-value food and feed components, as well as functional, health-promoting components. This may result in a revalorization of this neglected crop. The availability of numerous populations in seed banks guarantees the preservation of a genetic diversity in V. ervilia that could be used for the production of new varieties with better nutritional and functional characteristics.
巢菜是一种源自地中海地区的古老作物。它可能是食品和动物饲料蛋白质以及生物活性成分的有用来源。对来自39个巢菜种群的种子样本进行了分析。多酚含量在0.09%至0.19%之间。木犀草素、山奈酚、芹菜素和槲皮素是主要的苷元。种子的总游离氨基酸含量为0.05%至0.19%，其中刀豆氨酸占9%至22%。蛋白质含量为24.1%。氨基酸组成表明酸性氨基酸含量高，而含硫氨基酸不足。巢菜种子被证明是制备蛋白质分离物的良好底物。种子提取物抑制Caco-2结肠肿瘤细胞的增殖，同时发挥抗氧化作用。因此，巢菜种子可能是高价值食品和饲料成分以及功能成分的来源。实际应用：巢菜（苦巢菜）（豆科）是一种源自地中海地区的古老作物。尽管在20世纪初它仍在许多地中海国家种植，但后来被其他产量更高且更稳定的作物所取代。然而，巢菜种子可能是人类营养和动物饲料蛋白质的有用来源，也是具有促进健康特性的生物活性成分的来源。我们的结果表明，巢菜种子确实可能是高价值食品和饲料成分以及功能性、促进健康成分的来源。这可能会使这种被忽视的作物重新得到重视。种子库中存在众多种群，保证了巢菜遗传多样性的保存，可用于培育具有更好营养和功能特性的新品种。
