Nuechterlein Keith H, Luck Steven J, Lustig Cindy, Sarter Martin
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behaviour, University of California, LA, CA, USA.
Schizophr Bull. 2009 Jan;35(1):182-96. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbn158.
The construct of attention has many facets that have been examined in human and animal research and in healthy and psychiatrically disordered conditions. The Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS) group concluded that control of attention-the processes that guide selection of task-relevant inputs-is particularly impaired in schizophrenia and could profit from further work with refined measurement tools. Thus, nominations for cognitive tasks that provide discrete measures of control of attention were sought and were then evaluated at the third CNTRICS meeting for their promise for future use in treatment development. This article describes the 5 nominated measures and their strengths and weaknesses for cognitive neuroscience work relevant to treatment development. Two paradigms, Guided Search and the Distractor Condition Sustained Attention Task, were viewed as having the greatest immediate promise for development into tools for treatment research in schizophrenia and are described in more detail by their nominators.
注意力这一概念具有诸多方面，已在人类和动物研究以及健康和精神疾病状态下得到了探讨。精神分裂症认知改善的认知神经科学治疗研究（CNTRICS）小组得出结论，注意力控制——即引导选择与任务相关输入的过程——在精神分裂症中尤其受损，并且可能受益于使用更精细测量工具的进一步研究。因此，人们寻求能提供注意力控制离散测量的认知任务提名，然后在第三届CNTRICS会议上对其在未来治疗开发中的应用前景进行评估。本文描述了5项提名测量方法及其在与治疗开发相关的认知神经科学研究中的优缺点。两种范式，即引导搜索和干扰条件下持续注意力任务，被认为最有希望立即发展成为精神分裂症治疗研究的工具，其提名者对它们进行了更详细的描述。
