Baker Tim
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Section for Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2009 Jan;19(1):23-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2008.02868.x.
The United Nations' Millennium Development Goal 4 is to reduce the global under-five mortality rate by two-thirds by 2015. Achieving this goal requires substantial strengthening of health systems in low-income countries. Emergency and critical care services are often one of the weakest parts of the health system and improving such care has the potential to significantly reduce mortality. Introducing effective triage and emergency treatments, establishing hospital systems that prioritize the critically ill and ensuring a reliable oxygen delivery system need not be resource intensive. Improving intensive care units, training health staff in the fundamentals of critical care concentrating on ABC - airway, breathing, and circulation - and developing guidelines for the management of common medical emergencies could all improve the quality of inpatient pediatric care. Integration with obstetrics, adult medicine and surgery in a combined emergency and critical care service would concentrate resources and expertise.
联合国千年发展目标4是到2015年将全球五岁以下儿童死亡率降低三分之二。要实现这一目标，需要大幅加强低收入国家的卫生系统。急诊和重症护理服务往往是卫生系统中最薄弱的环节之一，改善此类护理有潜力显著降低死亡率。引入有效的分诊和紧急治疗方法、建立优先治疗重症患者的医院系统以及确保可靠的氧气输送系统并不一定需要大量资源。改善重症监护病房、对卫生工作人员进行以ABC（气道、呼吸和循环）为重点的重症护理基础知识培训以及制定常见医疗紧急情况的管理指南，都可以提高住院儿科护理的质量。将急诊和重症护理服务与产科、成人医学和外科相结合，将集中资源和专业知识。
