David Daniel, Montgomery Guy H, Bovbjerg Dana H
Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, No. 37 Gh. Bilascu Street, 3400 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Pers Individ Dif. 2006 Jan;40(2):203-213. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2005.05.018.
Individual differences in characteristics such as optimism, pessimism, and coping responses have been shown to contribute to variability in distress during stressful situations. However, the interrelationships among these characteristics are not well established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrelations among optimism, pessimism, and coping in predicting distress levels among patients scheduled for surgery related to breast cancer. Sixty surgical patients (mean age = 52; SD = 12.21) completed the Brief Cope and the Life Orientation Test as a part of a presurgery take-home packet. Distress was measured with the Profile of Mood States in the waiting area, just prior to surgery. Results revealed that optimism and pessimism were directly related to distress levels prior to surgery (p < 0.05). Coping responses also were related to distress (p < 0.05); however, these effects appeared to be largely mediated by optimism and pessimism.
诸如乐观、悲观和应对反应等特征的个体差异已被证明会导致压力情境下痛苦程度的差异。然而，这些特征之间的相互关系尚未完全明确。本研究的目的是调查乐观、悲观和应对方式在预测乳腺癌手术患者痛苦水平方面的相互关系。60名外科手术患者（平均年龄 = 52岁；标准差 = 12.21）完成了简易应对方式问卷和生活取向测验，作为术前带回家资料包的一部分。在手术前，在等候区使用情绪状态剖面图测量痛苦程度。结果显示，乐观和悲观与手术前的痛苦水平直接相关（p < 0.05）。应对反应也与痛苦有关（p < 0.05）；然而，这些影响似乎在很大程度上由乐观和悲观介导。
