Saura Rosa Maria, Suñol Rosa, Vallejo Paula, Lahoz Sonia, Atxotegui Joseba, El Manouari Mohamed
Avedis Donabedian Instituto Universitario, Barcelona, España.
Gac Sanit. 2008 Nov-Dec;22(6):547-54. doi: 10.1016/s0213-9111(08)75353-6.
The aim of this study was to gather information on the healthcare background and social environment of the Maghrebian immigrant population in Catalonia in order to guide the management and provision of social services and the work of the organizations supporting this collective.
To gather data, we used a questionnaire exploring healthcare and social variables, including stressors and social support. Data collection was performed by pollsters in Arabic.
We performed 403 interviews. Most interviewees had a health card providing access to public healthcare and knew where to access healthcare. The most frequently used services were primary care and emergency departments. In primary care, almost all of the interviewees were provided explanations, but 30% were unable to understand them properly. Health professionals seemed to have inadequate awareness of cultural and religious differences. Work, housing, distance from the family, and legal status were stressful factors for more than half of this population. Social support was low. Three quarters of the interviewees felt lonely. More than half of this population had completely or partially fulfilled their expectations of migration, while 11% felt they were in a worse situation.
The main areas for improvement are the provision of information on conditions of healthcare access, promotion of social interaction, the use of associations for immigrants especially during the first phases of the migration process and facilitating religious activities. Health professionals should be provided with training in intercultural issues.
本研究的目的是收集有关加泰罗尼亚马格里布移民人口的医疗背景和社会环境的信息，以指导社会服务的管理与提供以及支持这一群体的组织的工作。
为收集数据，我们使用了一份探索医疗和社会变量的问卷，包括压力源和社会支持。数据收集由讲阿拉伯语的民意调查员进行。
我们进行了403次访谈。大多数受访者持有可享受公共医疗服务的健康卡，并且知道何处可获得医疗服务。最常使用的服务是初级保健和急诊科。在初级保健方面，几乎所有受访者都得到了解释，但30%的人无法正确理解。卫生专业人员似乎对文化和宗教差异的认识不足。工作、住房、与家人的距离以及法律地位是超过半数该群体的压力因素。社会支持较低。四分之三的受访者感到孤独。超过半数的该群体完全或部分实现了他们的移民期望，而11%的人觉得自己的处境更糟。
主要的改进领域包括提供有关医疗服务获取条件的信息、促进社会互动、在移民过程的最初阶段尤其要利用移民协会并便利宗教活动。应向卫生专业人员提供跨文化问题方面的培训。
