Miller Matthew W, Gordon Sonya G, Saunders Ashley B, Arsenault Wendy G, Meurs Kathryn M, Lehmkuhl Linda B, Bonagura John D, Fox Philip R
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, and The Michael E. DeBakey Institute of Comparative Cardiovascular Sciences in Biomedical Devices, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
J Vet Cardiol. 2006 Nov;8(2):109-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jvc.2006.07.001. Epub 2006 Oct 19.
To characterize angiographic morphology and minimum internal transverse diameter of left-to-right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in a large series of dogs.
PDA is the most common congenital cardiac malformation in the dog. Transarterial ductal occlusion is increasingly performed to close this defect. While accurate assessment of ductal morphology and luminal diameter is important to assure optimal occlusion using catheter-delivered devices, such information is currently limited.
ANIMALS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 246 dogs representing 31 breeds with left-to-right shunting PDA, right lateral selective aortic angiograms were recorded and reviewed.
PDA morphology conformed to four general phenotypes (types I, IIA, IIB, and III) which varied according to degree of ductal tapering, and the presence, absence, or location of abrupt ductal narrowing. Minimum internal ductal diameter for all dogs averaged 2.9mm (median, 2.5mm; range, 1.0-9.5mm) and was not correlated to age or body weight. There was no significant difference in minimum internal diameters between types I, IIA or IIB PDA, whereas, type III PDA was significantly wider (p=0.024) than other phenotypes. The most frequently-encountered variant (type IIA) was identified in 54.4% of cases (average minimum internal diameter, 2.3mm [median, 2.2mm; range, 1.0-5.5mm]).
PDA angiographic morphology was categorized based upon the degree, presence, or absence of ductal narrowing, and the location of ductal attenuation. When planning PDA repair, this information should assist planning, selection and deployment of transcatheter occluding devices.
在大量犬类中描述左向右分流的动脉导管未闭（PDA）的血管造影形态及最小内部横径。
PDA是犬类最常见的先天性心脏畸形。经动脉导管封堵术越来越多地用于闭合该缺陷。虽然准确评估导管形态和管腔直径对于确保使用经导管输送装置实现最佳封堵很重要，但目前此类信息有限。
动物、材料与方法：对代表31个品种的246只患有左向右分流PDA的犬进行右侧选择性主动脉血管造影，并进行回顾。
PDA形态符合四种一般表型（I型、IIA型、IIB型和III型），其根据导管逐渐变细的程度以及导管突然变窄的存在、不存在或位置而有所不同。所有犬的最小内部导管直径平均为2.9mm（中位数为2.5mm；范围为1.0 - 9.5mm），且与年龄或体重无关。I型、IIA型或IIB型PDA的最小内径之间无显著差异，而III型PDA比其他表型明显更宽（p = 0.024）。最常见的变异型（IIA型）在54.4% 的病例中被发现（平均最小内径为2.3mm [中位数为2.2mm；范围为1.0 - 5.5mm]）。
PDA血管造影形态根据导管变窄的程度、存在或不存在以及导管变细的位置进行分类。在计划PDA修复时，该信息应有助于经导管封堵装置的规划、选择和部署。
