Bock Constance, Waldmann Karl-Heinz, Ternes Waldemar
Institute for Food Toxicology and Chemical Analytics, Center of Food Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
Nutr Res. 2008 Dec;28(12):879-91. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.08.001.
Health-promoting properties such as antioxidative, anticarcinogenic, and cholesterol-lowering effects are described for mangiferin and hesperidin, the major phenolic compounds present in Cyclopia genistoides (honeybush). However, knowledge of their metabolic fate and their absorption from the gastrointestinal tract is very limited. The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of mangiferin, hesperidin, and their metabolites in plasma, urine, and feces samples from pigs consuming an extract of Cyclopia genistoides. Pigs were administered up to 74 mg mangiferin per kilogram of body weight and 1 mg hesperidin per kilogram of body weight per day for 11 days. Plasma samples were collected at various time points on days 9 and 11 of the study and days 1 and 2 after termination of extract administration. Urine and feces were collected in fractions for 24 hours. In the plasma samples, the aglycone of mangiferin (norathyriol) was detected. Mean plasma concentrations ranged from 7.8 to 11.8 mumol/L. Six metabolites of mangiferin and hesperidin were detected in the urine, including methyl mangiferin, norathyriol, its monoglucuronide, hesperetin, hesperetin monoglucuronide, and eriodictyol monoglucuronide. Between 26.0% and 30.8% of the administered dose of hesperidin and only between 1.4% and 1.6% of mangiferin could be detected in the urine on days 9 and 11 of the study. Approximately 8.2% of the administered dose of mangiferin was determined in the feces. The main metabolite was norathyriol. Neither hesperidin nor metabolites ascribed to hesperidin intake were detected. The results suggest that formation of norathyriol from mangiferin occurs in vivo, and specific metabolites were identified in blood and excretion products in urine and feces. This study will aid in investigating the physiological functions of the parent compounds in vivo.
芒果苷和橙皮苷是蜜环决明（Cyclopia genistoides，蜜树茶）中主要的酚类化合物，它们具有抗氧化、抗癌和降胆固醇等促进健康的特性。然而，关于它们的代谢命运以及从胃肠道的吸收情况，人们了解得非常有限。本研究的目的是测定食用蜜环决明提取物的猪的血浆、尿液和粪便样本中芒果苷、橙皮苷及其代谢物的浓度。给猪每天每千克体重给予高达74毫克芒果苷和1毫克橙皮苷，持续11天。在研究的第9天和第11天以及提取物给药终止后的第1天和第2天的不同时间点采集血浆样本。尿液和粪便分时段收集24小时。在血浆样本中，检测到了芒果苷的苷元（诺米林）。血浆平均浓度范围为7.8至11.8微摩尔/升。在尿液中检测到了芒果苷和橙皮苷的六种代谢物，包括甲基芒果苷、诺米林、其单葡萄糖醛酸苷、橙皮素、橙皮素单葡萄糖醛酸苷和圣草酚单葡萄糖醛酸苷。在研究的第9天和第11天，尿液中可检测到26.0%至30.8%的给药剂量的橙皮苷，而芒果苷仅为1.4%至1.6%。在粪便中测定了约8.2%的给药剂量的芒果苷。主要代谢物是诺米林。未检测到橙皮苷或归因于橙皮苷摄入的代谢物。结果表明，芒果苷在体内会形成诺米林，并且在血液以及尿液和粪便的排泄产物中鉴定出了特定的代谢物。本研究将有助于研究母体化合物在体内的生理功能。
