Gjertson David W, Brenner Charles H, Baur Max P, Carracedo Angel, Guidet Francois, Luque Juan A, Lessig Rüdiger, Mayr Wolfgang R, Pascali Vince L, Prinz Mechthild, Schneider Peter M, Morling Niels
Department of Biostatistics, UCLA School of Public Health, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA.
Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2007 Dec;1(3-4):223-31. doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2007.06.006. Epub 2007 Aug 6.
The Paternity Testing Commission (PTC) of the International Society for Forensic Genetics has taken up the task of establishing the biostatistical recommendations in accordance with the ISO 17025 standards and a previous set of ISFG recommendations specific to the genetic investigations in paternity cases. In the initial set, the PTC recommended that biostatistical evaluations of paternity are based on a likelihood ratio principle - yielding the paternity index, PI. Here, we have made five supplementary biostatistical recommendations. The first recommendation clarifies and defines basic concepts of genetic hypotheses and calculation concerns needed to produce valid PIs. The second and third recommendations address issues associated with population genetics (allele probabilities, Y-chromosome markers, mtDNA, and population substructuring) and special circumstances (deficiency/reconstruction and immigration cases), respectively. The fourth recommendation considers strategies regarding genetic evidence against paternity. The fifth recommendation covers necessary documentation, reporting details and assumptions underlying calculations. The PTC strongly suggests that these recommendations should be adopted by all laboratories involved in paternity testing as the basis for their biostatistical analysis.
国际法医遗传学协会亲子鉴定委员会（PTC）已承担起根据ISO 17025标准以及先前一套针对亲子鉴定案件基因调查的国际法医遗传学协会建议来制定生物统计学建议的任务。在最初的建议中，PTC建议亲子鉴定的生物统计学评估基于似然比原则——得出亲权指数（PI）。在此，我们提出了五项补充生物统计学建议。第一项建议阐明并定义了基因假设的基本概念以及产生有效亲权指数所需的计算要点。第二项和第三项建议分别涉及群体遗传学（等位基因概率、Y染色体标记、线粒体DNA和群体亚结构）和特殊情况（缺失/重建及移民案件）相关的问题。第四项建议考虑了针对父权的基因证据的策略。第五项建议涵盖了必要的文件记录、报告细节以及计算所依据的假设。PTC强烈建议所有参与亲子鉴定的实验室采用这些建议作为其生物统计学分析的基础。
