Perloff R M, Pettey G
Department of Communication, Cleveland State University, Ohio 44115.
Public Health Rep. 1991 Jul-Aug;106(4):460-3.
Intravenous drug users are currently the second largest group to have developed the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the United States and Europe. Clearly, health communication plays an important role in the development of AIDS prevention programs directed at IV drug users. However, few public information campaigns have been developed to reach IV drug users or their sexual partners. In a recent campaign directed at these groups, the selection of messages to be used was based both on theory and on research into multi-media public information campaigns. The attempt was made to communicate basic facts about AIDS etiology and prevention. This included information that needle sharing and unprotected sex could spread the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS, while bleaching needles and using condoms properly could reduce the risk of infection. A step-by-step diagram on how to bleach needles was provided. Posters, pamphlets, billboards, and out-reach workers were used to spread the word in inner-city neighbors, and coverage of the campaign was sought in the news media. Strategies incorporating practical and theory-based suggestions for future campaigns on IV drug use and AIDS are discussed.
静脉注射吸毒者目前是美国和欧洲感染获得性免疫缺陷综合征的第二大群体。显然，健康传播在针对静脉注射吸毒者的艾滋病预防项目开展过程中发挥着重要作用。然而，针对静脉注射吸毒者或其性伴侣开展的公共信息宣传活动却很少。在最近针对这些群体开展的一次宣传活动中，所选用信息的依据既有理论，也有对多媒体公共信息宣传活动的研究。此次活动试图传播有关艾滋病病因和预防的基本事实。这包括共用针头和无保护性行为会传播导致艾滋病的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），而对针头进行漂白处理以及正确使用安全套可以降低感染风险。还提供了一份关于如何漂白针头的分步示意图。海报、宣传册、广告牌以及外展工作人员被用于在市中心社区传播信息，同时争取新闻媒体对该活动进行报道。本文讨论了一些策略，这些策略为未来针对静脉注射吸毒与艾滋病问题的宣传活动提供了基于实践和理论的建议。
