Zapata V, Blanton C
Department of Health Science, California State University, Los Angeles 90032.
J Drug Educ. 1994;24(2):133-8. doi: 10.2190/M3M6-1EH9-YKP6-BPJJ.
The AIDS virus is transmitted through the exchange of bodily fluids between an infected person and an uninfected person, and the sharing of needles by IV drug users has been one of the primary means of transmission. The incidence of infection by this method has increased in the world, and in the inner cities of the United States has been a particular problem. Infected drug users also transmit the disease to their sexual partners and to their unborn children. Educational efforts have been directed at changing the behavior of drug users to reduce their sharing of needles, and some cities have tried handing out free needles. Such efforts, of course, run counter to the admonition not to use drugs at all, but health professionals believe changing behavior is the most important way of attacking the disease. While transmission of the HIV virus through IV drug abuse remains a significant problem, there is evidence that the educational efforts have been working and that, in some areas at least, behaviors have been changed and the risk has been reduced.
艾滋病病毒通过感染者与未感染者之间的体液交换进行传播，静脉注射吸毒者共用针头一直是主要传播途径之一。这种传播方式导致的感染率在全球范围内呈上升趋势，在美国的一些市中心地区更是成为了一个突出问题。感染毒品的使用者还会将疾病传播给他们的性伴侣和未出生的孩子。教育工作旨在改变吸毒者的行为，以减少他们共用针头的情况，一些城市尝试发放免费针头。当然，这些努力与完全不使用毒品的告诫相悖，但健康专家认为改变行为是对抗该疾病的最重要方式。虽然通过静脉注射吸毒传播艾滋病毒仍然是一个重大问题，但有证据表明教育工作已经取得成效，至少在一些地区，行为已经改变，风险已经降低。
