Normand Valérie, Boulianne Martine, Quessy Sylvain
Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec.
Can J Vet Res. 2008 Oct;72(5):396-402.
Campylobacter is recognized as one of the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide, and is frequently isolated from the small intestines and ceca microflora of chickens. Twenty-one out of 81 Campylobacter-positive poultry flocks were selected to evaluate the genetic diversity of Campylobacter isolates and to study the distribution of genotypes among flocks. Campylobacter isolates recovered from chicken carcasses and ceca were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Little diversity was found among Campylobacter strains isolated from a given carcass, with a maximum of 2 different genotypes being present. However, at flock level, as many as 4 different profiles were observed. Typing of strains showed that most strains isolated from ceca were similar to those isolated from corresponding broiler carcasses. A total of 39 different macrorestriction profiles were observed, with evidence of Campylobacter cross-contamination among broiler flocks in Quebec slaughterhouses. Surprisingly, some flocks shared related genotypes both with and without sharing similar rearing practices. Existence of such cross-contamination must be considered to in developing strategies to control Campylobacter in chickens, and to avoid bacteria contamination of noncolonized flocks. Further typing studies of Campylobacter found in hatcheries, farm environment, and crates or trucks in Quebec might be helpful in elucidating the kinetics of broiler chicken Campylobacter contamination.
弯曲杆菌被认为是全球肠胃炎的主要病因之一，并且经常从鸡的小肠和盲肠微生物群中分离出来。从81个弯曲杆菌阳性家禽群中选取了21个来评估弯曲杆菌分离株的遗传多样性，并研究各群中基因型的分布情况。通过脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分析从鸡尸体和盲肠中分离出的弯曲杆菌分离株。从给定尸体分离出的弯曲杆菌菌株之间几乎没有发现多样性，最多存在2种不同的基因型。然而，在鸡群水平上，观察到多达4种不同的图谱。菌株分型显示，从盲肠分离出的大多数菌株与从相应肉鸡尸体分离出的菌株相似。总共观察到39种不同的宏观限制性图谱，这证明魁北克屠宰场的肉鸡群中存在弯曲杆菌交叉污染。令人惊讶的是，一些鸡群无论饲养方式是否相似，都共享相关的基因型。在制定控制鸡群中弯曲杆菌的策略以及避免未感染鸡群受到细菌污染时，必须考虑这种交叉污染的存在。对魁北克孵化场、农场环境以及板条箱或卡车中发现的弯曲杆菌进行进一步的分型研究，可能有助于阐明肉鸡弯曲杆菌污染的动态过程。
