Hiett K L, Stern N J, Fedorka-Cray P, Cox N A, Musgrove M T, Ladely S
Poultry Microbiological Safety Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Athens, Georgia 30604, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Dec;68(12):6220-36. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.12.6220-6236.2002.
Campylobacter isolates from diverse samples within broiler production and processing environments were typed by using flaA short variable region DNA sequence analysis. Sixteen flocks from four different farms representing two broiler producers in Arkansas and California were analyzed. Fourteen of the flocks (87.5%) were Campylobacter-positive; two remained negative throughout the 6-week rearing period. In general, multiple clones were present within a flock. Additionally, clones found within a flock were also present on the final product, although the diversity of Campylobacter spp. on the final product appeared to be reduced relative to that observed within the flock. Comparison of clones between flocks on the same farm revealed that some clones of Campylobacter persisted in multiple flocks. Furthermore, some clones were identified across the two farms that were under the same management. In two sampling periods, environmental isolates were positive for Campylobacter prior to flock shedding. Environmental samples associated with five additional flocks were positive for Campylobacter concomitantly with recovery of Campylobacter from the birds. Analysis of the environmental isolates that were positive prior to flock shedding demonstrated that in some instances the environmental isolates possessed genotypes identical to those of isolates originating from the flock, while in other cases the environmental isolates possessed genotypes that were distantly related to isolates obtained from the flock. Analyses of environmental isolates that tested positive concurrently with the positive isolates from the flocks demonstrated varied results; in some instances the environmental isolates possessed genotypes identical to those of isolates originating from the flock, while in other cases the environmental isolates possessed genotypes that were distantly related to isolates obtained from the flock. These data suggest that the external environment may contribute to Campylobacter contamination during poultry production and processing. However, environmental contamination with Campylobacter does not appear to be the sole contributing factor.
通过使用flaA短可变区DNA序列分析对来自肉鸡生产和加工环境中不同样本的弯曲杆菌分离株进行分型。分析了代表阿肯色州和加利福尼亚州两家肉鸡生产商的四个不同农场的16个鸡群。其中14个鸡群（87.5%）弯曲杆菌呈阳性；两个鸡群在6周的饲养期内一直呈阴性。一般来说，一个鸡群中存在多个克隆。此外，在鸡群中发现的克隆也存在于最终产品中，尽管最终产品上弯曲杆菌属的多样性相对于鸡群中观察到的似乎有所降低。对同一农场不同鸡群之间的克隆进行比较发现，一些弯曲杆菌克隆在多个鸡群中持续存在。此外，在同一管理下的两个农场中鉴定出了一些相同的克隆。在两个采样期，环境分离株在鸡群出现弯曲杆菌之前就呈阳性。与另外五个鸡群相关的环境样本在从鸡中检测到弯曲杆菌的同时也呈阳性。对在鸡群出现弯曲杆菌之前呈阳性的环境分离株进行分析表明，在某些情况下，环境分离株具有与来自鸡群的分离株相同的基因型，而在其他情况下，环境分离株具有与从鸡群中获得的分离株亲缘关系较远的基因型。对与鸡群中的阳性分离株同时检测呈阳性的环境分离株的分析结果各不相同；在某些情况下，环境分离株具有与来自鸡群的分离株相同的基因型，而在其他情况下，环境分离株具有与从鸡群中获得的分离株亲缘关系较远的基因型。这些数据表明，外部环境可能在禽类生产和加工过程中导致弯曲杆菌污染。然而，弯曲杆菌的环境污染似乎不是唯一的促成因素。
