Shacklett B L, Critchfield J W, Ferre A L, Hayes T L
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
J Intern Med. 2009 Jan;265(1):58-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.02042.x.
Mucosal surfaces of the body serve as the major portal of entry for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These tissues also house a majority of the body's lymphocytes, including the CD4(+) T cells that are the major cellular target for HIV infection. Mucosal surfaces are defended by innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, including secreted antibodies and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells (CTL). CTL in mucosal lymphoid tissues may serve to limit viral replication, decreasing the host's viral burden as well as reducing the likelihood of sexual transmission to a naïve host. This review summarizes recent literature on HIV-specific T-cell responses in mucosal tissues, with an emphasis on the gastrointestinal tract.
人体的黏膜表面是人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)进入人体的主要门户。这些组织还容纳了人体大部分淋巴细胞,包括作为HIV感染主要细胞靶点的CD4(+) T细胞。黏膜表面由先天性和适应性免疫机制保护,包括分泌性抗体和CD8(+) 细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)。黏膜淋巴组织中的CTL可能有助于限制病毒复制,降低宿主的病毒载量,并减少向未感染宿主性传播的可能性。本综述总结了关于黏膜组织中HIV特异性T细胞反应的最新文献,重点是胃肠道。