基因协方差在多大程度上改变了适应速率？
How much do genetic covariances alter the rate of adaptation?
作者信息
Agrawal Aneil F, Stinchcombe John R
机构信息
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3B2.
出版信息
Proc Biol Sci. 2009 Mar 22;276(1659):1183-91. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2008.1671.
Genetically correlated traits do not evolve independently, and the covariances between traits affect the rate at which a population adapts to a specified selection regime. To measure the impact of genetic covariances on the rate of adaptation, we compare the rate fitness increases given the observed G matrix to the expected rate if all the covariances in the G matrix are set to zero. Using data from the literature, we estimate the effect of genetic covariances in real populations. We find no net tendency for covariances to constrain the rate of adaptation, though the quality and heterogeneity of the data limit the certainty of this result. There are some examples in which covariances strongly constrain the rate of adaptation but these are balanced by counter examples in which covariances facilitate the rate of adaptation; in many cases, covariances have little or no effect. We also discuss how our metric can be used to identify traits or suites of traits whose genetic covariances to other traits have a particularly large impact on the rate of adaptation.
基因相关的性状并非独立进化，性状之间的协方差会影响种群适应特定选择机制的速率。为了衡量遗传协方差对适应速率的影响，我们将给定观测到的G矩阵时的适合度增加速率与如果将G矩阵中的所有协方差都设为零时的预期速率进行比较。利用文献中的数据，我们估计了真实种群中遗传协方差的影响。我们发现协方差并没有净的趋势来限制适应速率，尽管数据的质量和异质性限制了这一结果的确定性。有一些例子表明协方差强烈限制了适应速率，但也有反例表明协方差促进了适应速率；在许多情况下，协方差几乎没有影响。我们还讨论了如何使用我们的度量来识别那些其与其他性状的遗传协方差对适应速率有特别大影响的性状或性状组合。
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