Gilchrist Laura S, Galantino Mary Lou, Wampler Meredith, Marchese Victoria G, Morris G Stephen, Ness Kirsten K
Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, College of St Catherine, 601 25th Ave S, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Phys Ther. 2009 Mar;89(3):286-306. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20070309. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
Although the incidence of cancer in the United States is high, improvements in early diagnosis and treatment have significantly increased survival rates in recent years. Many survivors of cancer experience lasting, adverse effects caused by either their disease or its treatment. Physical therapy interventions, both established and new, often can reverse or ameliorate the impairments (body function and structure) found in these patients, improving their ability to carry out daily tasks and actions (activity) and to participate in life situations (participation). Measuring the efficacy of physical therapy interventions in each of these dimensions is challenging but essential for developing and delivering optimal care for these patients. This article describes the acute and long-term effects of cancer and its treatment and the use of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a basis for selection of assessment or outcome tools and diagnostic or screening tools in this population.
尽管美国癌症发病率很高，但近年来早期诊断和治疗方面的进步显著提高了生存率。许多癌症幸存者经历着由疾病本身或其治疗所导致的持续不良影响。既定的和新的物理治疗干预措施通常能够逆转或改善这些患者所出现的损伤（身体功能和结构），提高他们执行日常任务和行动（活动）以及参与生活情境（参与）的能力。衡量物理治疗干预在这些维度上的效果具有挑战性，但对于为这些患者制定和提供最佳护理至关重要。本文描述了癌症及其治疗的急性和长期影响，以及将世界卫生组织的《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICF）用作选择该人群评估或结局工具以及诊断或筛查工具的基础。
