Wing R R, Marcus M D, Blair E H, Burton L R
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.
Diabetes Care. 1991 Jul;14(7):596-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.14.7.596.
Very-low-calorie diets have been shown to produce dramatic improvements in glycemic control in obese subjects with non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes. There have been no studies of the psychological responses of diabetic subjects to these diets.
This study examined changes in hunger, depression, and anxiety in 33 obese type II diabetic subjects who were randomly assigned to behavior modification programs that used either a balanced diet of 4185-6277 J/day (1000-1500 cal/day) throughout or included an 8-wk period of a very-low-calorie diet (1674 J/day or 400 cal/day of lean meat, fish, or fowl). Subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory, the Spielberger State Anxiety Questionnaire, and self-report measures of hunger frequently throughout the 20-wk program.
Both groups experienced significant improvements in depressive symptomatology, anxiety, and lessening of hunger during the course of the program, with no significant differences observed between the balanced diet and the very-low-calorie diet groups.
Very-low-calorie diets, used in the context of a behavioral weight-control program, result in reductions in hunger and improvements in mood state comparable to those observed on more moderate weight-loss regimens.
极低热量饮食已被证明能使非胰岛素依赖型（II型）糖尿病肥胖患者的血糖控制得到显著改善。目前尚无关于糖尿病患者对这些饮食的心理反应的研究。
本研究调查了33名肥胖II型糖尿病患者的饥饿感、抑郁和焦虑情绪的变化，这些患者被随机分配到行为矫正项目中，一组在整个项目期间采用每天4185 - 6277焦耳（1000 - 1500卡路里）的均衡饮食，另一组在8周内采用极低热量饮食（每天1674焦耳或400卡路里的瘦肉、鱼或禽肉）。在为期20周的项目中，受试者多次完成贝克抑郁量表、斯皮尔伯格状态焦虑问卷以及饥饿感的自我报告测量。
在项目过程中，两组患者的抑郁症状、焦虑情绪均有显著改善，饥饿感减轻，均衡饮食组和极低热量饮食组之间未观察到显著差异。
在行为体重控制项目中使用极低热量饮食，与采用更适度的减肥方案相比，能同样有效地减轻饥饿感并改善情绪状态。
