El Ghoch Marwan, Calugi Simona, Dalle Grave Riccardo
Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, Garda I-37016, Italy.
Nutrients. 2016 Jun 29;8(7):402. doi: 10.3390/nu8070402.
Little is known about the relative psychosocial effects of carbohydrate reduction in comparison to other weight-loss diets in subjects receiving treatment for obesity/overweight. We, therefore, set out to conduct a systematic review of the psychosocial outcomes of such patients, treated by means of either a low-carbohydrate diet or an isocaloric diet of other macronutrient composition.
Literature searches, study selection, method development, and quality appraisal were performed independently by two authors, and data were synthesized using a narrative approach, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Eight randomized controlled studies met the inclusion criteria, and their subsequent analysis revealed that improvements in psychological and social outcomes do occur during short- and long-term weight loss programmes, but that low-carbohydrate diets have no greater effect on psychosocial outcomes when compared to diets of different macronutrient composition at either short- or long-term follow-up (one-year). However, the lack of studies with longer duration follow-up, and the absence of data in the adolescent population limit the generalizability of our findings.
The short- and long-term improvements in psychosocial outcomes seen in patients undergoing weight-loss treatment appear to be independent of the macronutrient composition of their diet.
与其他减肥饮食相比，关于碳水化合物减少对肥胖/超重受试者心理社会影响的研究较少。因此，我们着手对这类患者通过低碳水化合物饮食或其他宏量营养素组成的等热量饮食治疗后的心理社会结局进行系统评价。
两名作者独立进行文献检索、研究选择、方法制定和质量评估，并根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，采用叙述性方法对数据进行综合分析。
八项随机对照研究符合纳入标准，随后的分析表明，在短期和长期减肥计划中，心理和社会结局确实有所改善，但在短期或长期随访（一年）中，与不同宏量营养素组成的饮食相比，低碳水化合物饮食对心理社会结局的影响并不更大。然而，缺乏长期随访研究以及青少年人群的数据限制了我们研究结果的普遍性。
接受减肥治疗的患者心理社会结局的短期和长期改善似乎与饮食的宏量营养素组成无关。
