Shek Daniel T L, Wai C L Y
Centre for Quality of Life, Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin.
Adolescence. 2008 Winter;43(172):823-45.
Although many studies are evaluating the effectiveness of adolescent prevention and positive youth development programs, training programs for workers implementing such programs are seldom examined. In this paper, such programs indexed in several databases were reviewed. The basic characteristics, objectives, content, theory, process, and evaluation of the programs reviewed were examined. Results showed several weaknesses in the published training programs and research gaps in the literature were identified. Several principles guiding the design of training programs for adolescent prevention and positive youth development programs were proposed, including design of the training program around a learning model, raising the trainees' motivation and self-efficacy, teaching knowledge, self-reflective skills and open-mindedness, provision of demonstrations, active participation, and open discussions, and evaluation of the training program. These principles were utilized in the training program of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Hong Kong.
尽管许多研究正在评估青少年预防和积极青年发展项目的有效性，但很少有人研究实施此类项目的工作人员的培训项目。本文对多个数据库中索引的此类项目进行了综述。审查了所审查项目的基本特征、目标、内容、理论、过程和评估。结果显示了已发表培训项目中的几个弱点，并确定了文献中的研究空白。提出了指导青少年预防和积极青年发展项目培训项目设计的若干原则，包括围绕学习模式设计培训项目、提高学员的动机和自我效能、传授知识、自我反思技能和开放性思维、提供示范、积极参与和开放讨论，以及对培训项目进行评估。这些原则被应用于香港“成长的天空”计划的培训项目中。
