Khocht Ahmed, Schleifer Steven J, Janal Malvin N, Keller Steven
Temple University School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2009 Sep;37(2):214-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2008.11.009. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
Dental/Oral health of alcohol-dependent persons and substance abusers is often neglected. It is not clear that alcohol dependence has effects on oral health beyond those expected in nonalcoholic persons of similar socioeconomic status (SES). Study objectives were to examine the personal dental care habits, ability to access professional dental care, and the types of services received and to examine their effect on the oral health of alcohol-dependent persons and substance abusers. Forty Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition Revised-diagnosed alcohol-dependent persons and a comparison group of 25 non-alcohol-dependent subjects matched for race, age, gender, and SES were recruited. Subjects were medically healthy. Each subject received a comprehensive oral/dental examination, and an interview was conducted to record personal dental hygiene habits, ability to access professional dental care, and types of dental services provided. No statistical differences were found between the oral care habits of the groups. Forty-four percent of all subjects had access to charity professional dental care. Tooth extraction was the main dental service they received. Seventy-five percent of subjects brushed their teeth once or more per day. In the non-alcohol-dependent group, brushing frequency was inversely associated with plaque levels (p < .05); in the alcohol-dependent group, brushing frequency showed no statistical effect on plaque levels. Access to professional dental care was inversely associated with periodontitis in the alcohol-dependent group (p < .05). Alcohol dependence may increase plaque levels above that seen in race, gender, age, and SES-matched controls, but professional dental care can limit the subsequent development of periodontal disease in these people.
酒精依赖者和药物滥用者的口腔健康常常被忽视。目前尚不清楚酒精依赖对口腔健康的影响是否超出了具有相似社会经济地位（SES）的非酒精依赖者的预期。研究目的是检查个人口腔护理习惯、获得专业口腔护理的能力、所接受的服务类型，并研究它们对酒精依赖者和药物滥用者口腔健康的影响。招募了40名根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本诊断为酒精依赖的患者，以及一个由25名在种族、年龄、性别和SES方面匹配的非酒精依赖受试者组成的对照组。受试者身体健康。每位受试者都接受了全面的口腔/牙科检查，并进行了访谈，以记录个人口腔卫生习惯、获得专业口腔护理的能力以及所提供的牙科服务类型。两组的口腔护理习惯没有统计学差异。所有受试者中有44%能够获得慈善专业口腔护理。拔牙是他们接受的主要牙科服务。75%的受试者每天刷牙一次或更多次。在非酒精依赖组中，刷牙频率与牙菌斑水平呈负相关（p < 0.05）；在酒精依赖组中，刷牙频率对牙菌斑水平没有统计学影响。在酒精依赖组中，获得专业口腔护理与牙周炎呈负相关（p < 0.05）。酒精依赖可能会使牙菌斑水平高于种族、性别、年龄和SES匹配的对照组，但专业口腔护理可以限制这些人随后牙周疾病的发展。
