Fabio Anthony, Sauber-Schatz Erin K, Barbour Kamil E, Li Wei
Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Injury Research and Control, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2009 Apr;99(4):748-53. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.139576. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
We investigated whether within-county racial segregation was associated with increased odds of violent injury beyond individual risk.
In a cross-sectional study, data on 75 310 patients admitted with an injury to Pennsylvania hospitals from 1997 to 1999 were analyzed to determine the association between county-level racial segregation and violent injury. We used multilevel analysis to adjust for individual- and county-level factors. Principal components analysis allowed us to separate the effect of segregation from other county-level variables.
After adjustment, greater segregation was associated with increased odds of violent injury among Whites (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11, 1.30) and non-Whites (OR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.28, 1.64). The association was stronger for non-Whites.
Our results suggested that living in a county with high levels of racial segregation was associated with increased odds of violence not explained by an individual's own risk. These findings represent an important step in understanding the nature of observed links between race and violence. Future work should develop prevention strategies that simultaneously target community and individual risks.
我们调查了县内种族隔离是否与暴力伤害几率增加相关，且这种关联超出了个体风险因素。
在一项横断面研究中，分析了1997年至1999年宾夕法尼亚州医院收治的75310名受伤患者的数据，以确定县级种族隔离与暴力伤害之间的关联。我们使用多水平分析来调整个体和县级因素。主成分分析使我们能够将隔离的影响与其他县级变量区分开来。
调整后，更高程度的隔离与白人暴力伤害几率增加相关（优势比[OR]=1.20；95%置信区间[CI]=1.11，1.30），与非白人暴力伤害几率增加也相关（OR=1.45；95%CI=1.28，1.64）。非白人的这种关联更强。
我们的结果表明，生活在种族隔离程度高的县与暴力伤害几率增加相关，且这种关联无法用个体自身风险来解释。这些发现是理解种族与暴力之间观察到的联系本质的重要一步。未来的工作应制定同时针对社区和个体风险的预防策略。
