Jones Roger A C
Agricultural Research Western Australia, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA, Australia.
Virus Res. 2009 May;141(2):113-30. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2008.07.028. Epub 2009 Jan 19.
This review focuses on virus-plant pathosystems at the interface between managed and natural vegetation, and describes how rapid expansion in human activity and climate change are likely to impact on plants, vectors and viruses causing increasing instability. It starts by considering virus invasion of cultivated plants from their wild ancestors in the centres of plant domestication in different parts of the world and subsequent long distance movement away from these centres to other continents. It then describes the diverse virus-plant pathosystem scenarios possible at the interface between managed and natural vegetation and gives examples that illustrate situations where indigenous viruses emerge to damage introduced cultivated plants and newly introduced viruses become potential threats to biodiversity. These examples demonstrate how human activities increasingly facilitate damaging new encounters between plants and viruses worldwide. The likely effects of climate change on virus emergence are emphasised, and the major factors driving virus emergence, evolution and greater epidemic severity at the interface are analysed and explained. Finally, the kinds of challenges posed by rapidly changing world conditions to achieving effective control of epidemics of emerging plant viruses, and the approaches needed to address them, are described.
本综述聚焦于人工管理植被与自然植被交界处的病毒-植物病理系统，描述了人类活动的迅速扩张和气候变化可能如何影响植物、传毒介体和病毒，导致越来越多的不稳定情况。文章开篇探讨了病毒从世界各地植物驯化中心的野生祖先侵入栽培植物，以及随后从这些中心远距离传播到其他大陆的情况。接着描述了人工管理植被与自然植被交界处可能出现的各种病毒-植物病理系统情景，并举例说明本土病毒出现并损害引进的栽培植物，以及新引入的病毒对生物多样性构成潜在威胁的情况。这些例子表明，人类活动如何越来越多地促使全球范围内植物与病毒之间产生破坏性的新接触。文中强调了气候变化对病毒出现的可能影响，并分析和解释了在交界处推动病毒出现、进化和更大流行严重性的主要因素。最后，描述了迅速变化的世界状况给有效控制新出现的植物病毒流行带来的各类挑战，以及应对这些挑战所需的方法。
