Konjufca Vjollca, Miller Mark J
Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA.
Cell Microbiol. 2009 Apr;11(4):551-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2009.01289.x. Epub 2009 Jan 19.
Two-photon (2P) microscopy has become increasingly popular among immunologists for analysing single-cell dynamics in tissues. Researchers are now taking 2P microscopy beyond the study of model antigen systems (e.g. ovalbumin immunization) and are applying the technique to examine infection in vivo. With the appropriate fluorescent probes, 2P imaging can provide high-resolution spatio-temporal information regarding cell behaviour, monitor cell functions and assess various outcomes of infection, such as host cell apoptosis or pathogen proliferation. Imaging of transgenic and knockout mice can be used to probe molecular mechanisms governing the host response to infection. From the microbe side, imaging genetically engineered mutant strains of a pathogen can test the roles of specific virulence factors in pathogenesis. Here, we discuss recent work that has applied 2P microscopy to study models of infection and highlight the tremendous potential that this approach has for investigating host-pathogen interactions.
双光子（2P）显微镜在免疫学家中越来越受欢迎，用于分析组织中的单细胞动态。研究人员现在正将2P显微镜的应用范围从模型抗原系统（如卵清蛋白免疫）的研究扩展到体内感染的检测。使用合适的荧光探针，2P成像可以提供有关细胞行为的高分辨率时空信息，监测细胞功能并评估感染的各种结果，如宿主细胞凋亡或病原体增殖。对转基因和基因敲除小鼠进行成像可用于探究宿主对感染反应的分子机制。从微生物方面来看，对病原体的基因工程突变株进行成像可以测试特定毒力因子在发病机制中的作用。在此，我们讨论了最近将2P显微镜应用于感染模型研究的工作，并强调了这种方法在研究宿主-病原体相互作用方面的巨大潜力。
