Bukenya G B, Nwokolo N
Department of Community Medicine, University of Papua New Guinea, Boroko.
Int J Epidemiol. 1991 Jun;20(2):534-9. doi: 10.1093/ije/20.2.534.
Children below five years of age residing in an urban settlement of Papua New Guinea were monitored from May 1987 to July 1988 in an attempt to identify aetiological factors of childhood diarrhoea. Presence of faeces in the compound was associated with a 48% increase (incidence density ratio (IDR) = 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.163-1.897) in diarrhoea morbidity whilst the presence of pigs in the compound was associated with a 69% increase (IDR = 1.694, 95% CI:1.317-2.189). The presence of a standpipe in the compound was associated with a reduction in diarrhoea morbidity of 56%. The effect of presence of faeces, animals, and standpipe on the incidence of diarrhoea was not dependent on whether or not mothers were literate. We conclude that any intervention aimed at these factors is likely to reduce diarrhoea morbidity in similar urban ecosystems.
1987年5月至1988年7月期间，对居住在巴布亚新几内亚城市定居点的五岁以下儿童进行了监测，以试图确定儿童腹泻的病因。院子里有粪便会使腹泻发病率增加48%（发病密度比（IDR）=1.48，95%置信区间（CI）：1.163 - 1.897），而院子里有猪会使腹泻发病率增加69%（IDR = 1.694，95%CI：1.317 - 2.189）。院子里有竖管与腹泻发病率降低56%有关。粪便、动物和竖管的存在对腹泻发病率的影响并不取决于母亲是否识字。我们得出结论，针对这些因素的任何干预措施都可能降低类似城市生态系统中的腹泻发病率。
