Bukenya G B, Nwokolo N
Department of Community Medicine, University of Papua New Guinea, Boroko.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Nov-Dec;84(6):857-60. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(90)90107-p.
Transient risk factors may play an important role in the aetiology of acute diarrhoea. These factors have not been well elucidated. To assess them, we monitored 479 children below the age of 5 years living in a well-defined urban community in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, for one year, using the nested case-control method with density sampling. Comparing the odds ratios, we found that eating food that had been kept for more than 12 h, eating away from home, temporary absence of mother from home for more than one day, and the presence of respiratory infection in the child, were statistically associated with an increased risk of diarrhoea. We conclude that these transient factors must be addressed if effective control of diarrhoea is to be achieved. We believe that further studies will identify the factors more precisely and provide a better understanding of the method we have employed.
短暂性危险因素可能在急性腹泻的病因学中起重要作用。这些因素尚未得到充分阐明。为了评估它们，我们采用密集抽样的巢式病例对照方法，对巴布亚新几内亚莫尔斯比港一个明确界定的城市社区中479名5岁以下儿童进行了为期一年的监测。通过比较比值比，我们发现食用保存超过12小时的食物、在家庭以外的地方就餐、母亲离家超过一天以及儿童患有呼吸道感染，与腹泻风险增加在统计学上相关。我们得出结论，如果要有效控制腹泻，就必须解决这些短暂性因素。我们相信，进一步的研究将更精确地识别这些因素，并使我们对所采用的方法有更好的理解。
