Harrison Emily L R, Hinson Riley E, McKee Sherry A
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Addict Behav. 2009 May;34(5):484-6. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.12.013. Epub 2009 Jan 9.
Alcohol use may facilitate the development of nicotine dependence. Alcohol is often paired with cigarette smoking, particularly in those experimenting with smoking. However, little research has examined episodic patterns of alcohol and cigarette use. This study examined patterns of alcohol and cigarette use in a college-aged sample (n=237) designated as experimenters or smokers based on their smoking history. Participants reported their consumption of drinks and cigarettes by hour, for each hour, of a typical drinking and smoking episode. Self-reported pleasure and desire associated with smoking generally and while drinking was assessed. No group difference was observed in total number of drinks. However, experimenters delayed smoking until more drinks were consumed, suggesting they smoked after reaching binge levels of alcohol. By contrast, smokers smoked after fewer drinks. Both groups reported increased smoking while drinking and increased pleasure and desire when smoking while drinking. The increase was greater in experimenters. Concurrent alcohol and cigarette use may facilitate the development of tobacco dependence and interventions interrupting their pairing might impede the transition from experimenter to smoker.
饮酒可能会促进尼古丁依赖的形成。酒精常常与吸烟同时出现，尤其是在那些尝试吸烟的人群中。然而，很少有研究考察酒精和香烟使用的阶段性模式。本研究在一个基于吸烟史被划分为尝试吸烟者或吸烟者的大学生样本（n = 237）中，考察了酒精和香烟的使用模式。参与者报告了在一次典型的饮酒和吸烟过程中，每一小时的饮料和香烟消费量。评估了总体上以及饮酒时与吸烟相关的自我报告的愉悦感和欲望。在饮料总消费量上未观察到组间差异。然而，尝试吸烟者会推迟吸烟，直到饮用了更多的酒，这表明他们在达到酒精暴饮水平后才吸烟。相比之下，吸烟者在饮用较少的酒后就开始吸烟。两组都报告在饮酒时吸烟量增加，且饮酒时吸烟的愉悦感和欲望增强。尝试吸烟者的这种增加更为明显。同时使用酒精和香烟可能会促进烟草依赖的形成，而中断它们同时出现的干预措施可能会阻碍从尝试吸烟者向吸烟者的转变。
