Department of psychiatry, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Wonju 26426, Korea.
Center of Biomedical Data Science (CBDS), Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 13;17(10):3396. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103396.
Non-Daily Smoking (NDS), which is increasingly prevalent worldwide, has not yet attracted as much attention as has daily smoking in Asia. The aims of this study were to identify trends in the prevalence of NDS and to compare characteristics by age, gender, and mental health indicators such as depression, suicidality, and alcohol consumption in South Korea.
We included 33,806 adults (aged ≥19 years) who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) from 2010 to 2015. The dataset includes self-reported medical history and questionnaires that explore depression, suicidality, and alcohol use, which are known to be highly related to smoking. We divided the respondents into four groups according to smoking status: Never Smoking (NS, N = 20,270); Past Smoking (PS = 6835); Daily Smoking (DS = 5927), who reported smoking every day; and Non-Daily Smoking (NDS = 774), who reported that they sometimes smoke.
Increased NDS prevalence is observed in most age groups in both male and female adults despite the prevalence of total smoking and daily smoking gradually decreasing. Depression and suicidality were significantly more prevalent in the NDS than the NS group (Depression Odds ratio, OR = 1.72, 95% Confidence interval, CI = 1.31-2.26; Suicidality OR = 3.14, 95% CI = 1.40-7.02). NDS is also associated with a higher frequency of binge drinking and alcohol use disorder than NS (OR = 4.17, 95% CI = 3.49-4.99).
This study suggests that more concern is warranted for NDS given the increasing prevalence and characteristics of poor mental health in NDS respondents.
非每日吸烟（NDS）在全球范围内日益普遍，但尚未像亚洲那样引起人们对每日吸烟的关注。本研究旨在确定 NDS 的流行趋势，并比较年龄、性别以及抑郁、自杀意念和饮酒等心理健康指标方面的特征。
我们纳入了 33806 名（年龄≥19 岁）参加了 2010 年至 2015 年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查（KNHNES）的成年人。该数据集包括自报病史和问卷，这些问卷探讨了与吸烟高度相关的抑郁、自杀意念和饮酒。我们根据吸烟状况将受访者分为四组：从不吸烟（NS，N=20270）；过去吸烟（PS=6835）；每日吸烟（DS=5927），报告每天吸烟；以及非每日吸烟（NDS=774），报告有时吸烟。
尽管总吸烟和每日吸烟的流行率逐渐下降，但在男性和女性成年人的大多数年龄组中，NDS 的流行率都有所增加。NDS 组的抑郁和自杀意念明显比 NS 组更为普遍（抑郁比值比，OR=1.72，95%置信区间，CI=1.31-2.26；自杀意念 OR=3.14，95%CI=1.40-7.02）。与 NS 相比，NDS 还与更频繁的狂饮和酒精使用障碍有关（OR=4.17，95%CI=3.49-4.99）。
鉴于 NDS 受访者的心理健康状况不佳且呈上升趋势，本研究表明，需要对 NDS 给予更多关注。
