del Río Garcia Constanza, Torres-Sánchez Luisa, Chen Jia, Schnaas Lourdes, Hernández Carmen, Osorio Erika, Portillo Marcia Galván, López-Carrillo Lizbeth
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, Mexico.
Nutr Neurosci. 2009 Feb;12(1):13-20. doi: 10.1179/147683009X388913.
Using the Bayley test, the mental and psychomotor development in a cohort of 253 children were evaluated. Maternal dietary intake of vitamin B(12) and folate was assessed from a semiquantitative questionnaire administered during the first trimester of pregnancy. Maternal genotypes of MTHFR (677C>T and 1298A>C), were ascertained by PCR-RFLP. The 677T and 1298C variant alleles were present in 59% and 10% of participants, respectively. A dietary deficiency of vitamin B(12) was negatively associated with mental development (beta = -1.6; 95% CI = -2.8 to -0.3). In contrast, dietary intake of folate (< 400 mg/day) reduced the mental development index only among children of mothers who were carriers of the TT genotype (beta = -1.8; 95% CI = -3.6 to -0.04; P for interaction = 0.07). Vitamin B(12) and folate supplementation during pregnancy could have a favorable impact on the mental development of children during their first year of life, mainly in populations that are genetically susceptible.
使用贝利测试，对253名儿童队列的智力和心理运动发育进行了评估。通过在妊娠早期发放的半定量问卷评估孕妇维生素B12和叶酸的膳食摄入量。通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）确定孕妇亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）的基因型（677C>T和1298A>C）。677T和1298C变异等位基因分别在59%和10%的参与者中出现。维生素B12膳食缺乏与智力发育呈负相关（β=-1.6；95%可信区间=-2.8至-0.3）。相比之下，叶酸膳食摄入量（<400毫克/天）仅在母亲为TT基因型携带者的儿童中降低智力发育指数（β=-1.8；95%可信区间=-3.6至-0.04；交互作用P=0.07）。孕期补充维生素B12和叶酸可能对儿童出生后第一年的智力发育产生有利影响，主要是在遗传易感性人群中。
