Hopkins Ramona O, Jackson James C
Psychology Department, Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2009 Mar;30(1):143-53, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2008.11.001.
Evidence increasingly suggests that cognitive impairment is common in intensive care unit survivors, although the nature, severity, and natural history remain unclear. Although the cognitive impairments improve over time in some individuals, they often fail to completely abate. While the functional correlates of these impairments are under-studied, cognitive impairments may adversely impact quality of life, ability to return to work or to work at previously established levels, and ability to function effectively in emotional and interpersonal domains. The potential etiologies of cognitive impairments in intensive care unit survivors are not fully understood and are likely heterogeneous and vary widely across patients. The contributions of these many factors may be particularly significant in patients with pre-existing vulnerabilities for the development of cognitive impairments, such as mild cognitive impairment, dementia, prior traumatic brain injury, or other comorbid disorders, as well as predisposing genetic factors.
越来越多的证据表明，认知障碍在重症监护病房幸存者中很常见，尽管其性质、严重程度和自然史仍不清楚。虽然一些人的认知障碍会随着时间的推移而改善，但往往无法完全消除。虽然这些障碍的功能相关性研究不足，但认知障碍可能会对生活质量、恢复工作或恢复到以前工作水平的能力以及在情感和人际领域有效发挥功能的能力产生不利影响。重症监护病房幸存者认知障碍的潜在病因尚未完全了解，可能是异质性的，且在患者中差异很大。在患有认知障碍发展的预先存在的易感性患者中，例如轻度认知障碍、痴呆、先前的创伤性脑损伤或其他合并症，以及易感遗传因素，这些众多因素的贡献可能尤为显著。
