Caress Ann-Louise, Luker Karen A, Chalmers Karen I, Salmon Margaret P
School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
J Clin Nurs. 2009 Feb;18(4):479-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02556.x.
The objectives of this narrative review were to identify: (1) The information and support needs of carers of family members with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; (2) appropriate interventions to support carers in their caregiving role; (3) information on carers' needs as reported in studies of patients living with COPD in the community.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major health problem in the UK resulting in significant burden for patients, families and the health service. Current National Health Service policies emphasise, where medically appropriate, early discharge for acute exacerbations, hospital-at-home care and other models of community care to prevent or reduce re-hospitalisations of people with chronic conditions. Understanding carers' needs is important if health care professionals are to support carers in their caregiving role.
A narrative literature review.
Thirty five papers were reviewed after searching electronic databases.
Few studies were identified which addressed, even peripherally, carers' needs for information and support, and no studies were found which described and evaluated interventions designed to enhance caregiving capacity. Several studies of hospital-at-home/early discharge, self care and home management programmes were identified which included some information on patients' living arrangements or marital status. However, there was little or no detail reported on the needs of, and in many cases, even the presence of a family carer.
This review highlights the dearth of information on the needs of carers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and the need for future research.
There is little research based knowledge of the needs of carers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and interventions to assist them in providing care. This knowledge is critical to ensure that carers receive the information they need to carry out this role while maintaining their own physical and emotional health.
本叙述性综述的目的是确定：（1）慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者家属的信息及支持需求；（2）支持照顾者履行照顾职责的适当干预措施；（3）社区中慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者研究报告中关于照顾者需求的信息。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病是英国的一个主要健康问题，给患者、家庭和医疗服务带来了巨大负担。当前英国国家医疗服务体系政策强调，在医学上适当的情况下，急性加重期的早期出院、居家医院护理以及其他社区护理模式，以预防或减少慢性病患者的再次住院。如果医疗保健专业人员要支持照顾者履行其照顾职责，了解照顾者的需求很重要。
叙述性文献综述。
在检索电子数据库后对35篇论文进行了综述。
几乎没有研究涉及照顾者对信息和支持的需求，即使是间接涉及也很少，并且没有发现描述和评估旨在提高照顾能力的干预措施的研究。确定了几项关于居家医院/早期出院、自我护理和家庭管理计划的研究，其中包括一些关于患者生活安排或婚姻状况的信息。然而，关于照顾者的需求，很少或根本没有详细报道，在许多情况下，甚至没有提及家庭照顾者的存在。
本综述凸显了关于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者照顾者需求的信息匮乏以及未来研究的必要性。
关于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者照顾者的需求以及协助他们提供护理的干预措施，基于研究的知识很少。这些知识对于确保照顾者在履行这一职责的同时获得所需信息并保持自身身心健康至关重要。
