Carpio Emilio, López Vania, Fardales Vicente, Benítez Iralys
Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Dr. Faustino Pérez Hernández, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba.
J Oral Pathol Med. 2009 Jan;38(1):126-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2008.00716.x.
Studies on the prevalence of HIV-related oral lesions (HIV-OL) have shown great variations among different countries. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of HIV-OL in adults infected with HIV in the province of Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, and to determine the factors associated with the presence of HIV-OL.
A cross-sectional observational study was performed between November 2006 and August 2007 at the Hospital General Universitario 'Camilo Cienfuegos', Sancti Spiritus. One hundred and fifty-four HIV-infected patients were included. Patients were examined and interviewed by a periodontal specialist. Diagnosis of HIV-OL was based on clinical criteria. Demographical, clinical and laboratory data were obtained. Independent association of each factor with HIV-OL was assessed by logistic regression modelling.
The prevalence of HIV-OL was 40.9%. The commonest manifestation was oral hairy leucoplakia (n = 19; 12.3%); oral candidiasis (n = 17; 11%); herpes simplex virus infection (n = 11; 7.4%); and aphthous ulcer (n = 9; 5.8%). Principal factors associated with the presence of HIV-OL were CD4(+) lymphocytes <500 cells/mm(3) (OR: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.019-4.195) and smoking (OR: 2.03 CI: 1.037-3.982).
This study described the prevalence of HIV-OL in 154 HIV-infected patients which represent about 80% of those known to be infected in the province of Sancti Spiritus. The prevalence of HIV-OL was lower than those reported from developing countries. Oral hairy leucoplakia and oral candidiasis were the most prevalent HIV-OL. Smoking and CD4(+) cells count <500 cells/mm(3) were the two factors independently associated with the presence of HIV-OL.
关于人类免疫缺陷病毒相关口腔病变（HIV-OL）患病率的研究表明，不同国家之间存在很大差异。本研究的目的是描述古巴圣斯皮里图斯省感染HIV的成年人中HIV-OL的患病率，并确定与HIV-OL存在相关的因素。
2006年11月至2007年8月期间，在圣斯皮里图斯的“卡米洛·西恩富戈斯”大学综合医院进行了一项横断面观察性研究。纳入了154例HIV感染患者。由一名牙周病专家对患者进行检查和访谈。HIV-OL的诊断基于临床标准。获取了人口统计学、临床和实验室数据。通过逻辑回归模型评估每个因素与HIV-OL的独立关联。
HIV-OL的患病率为40.9%。最常见的表现是口腔毛状白斑（n = 19；12.3%）；口腔念珠菌病（n = 17；11%）；单纯疱疹病毒感染（n = 11；7.4%）；以及阿弗他溃疡（n = 9；5.8%）。与HIV-OL存在相关的主要因素是CD4(+)淋巴细胞<500个细胞/mm(3)（比值比：2.06；95%可信区间：1.019 - 4.195）和吸烟（比值比：2.03，可信区间：1.037 - 3.982）。
本研究描述了154例HIV感染患者中HIV-OL的患病率，这些患者约占圣斯皮里图斯省已知感染患者的80%。HIV-OL的患病率低于发展中国家报告的患病率。口腔毛状白斑和口腔念珠菌病是最常见的HIV-OL。吸烟和CD4(+)细胞计数<500个细胞/mm(3)是与HIV-OL存在独立相关的两个因素。
