Pan Zhi, Lee Wilson, Slutsky Lenny, Clark Richard A F, Pernodet Nadine, Rafailovich Miriam H
Materials Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
Small. 2009 Apr;5(4):511-20. doi: 10.1002/smll.200800798.
The effects of exposure of human dermal fibroblasts to rutile and anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles are reported. These particles can impair cell function, with the latter being more potent at producing damage. The exposure to nanoparticles decreases cell area, cell proliferation, mobility, and ability to contract collagen. Individual particles are shown to penetrate easily through the cell membrane in the absence of endocytosis, while some endocytosis is observed for larger particle clusters. Once inside, the particles are sequestered in vesicles, which continue to fill up with increasing incubation time till they rupture. Particles coated with a dense grafted polymer brush are also tested, and, using flow cytometry, are shown to prevent adherence to the cell membrane and hence penetration of the cell, which effectively decreases reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and protects cells, even in the absence of light exposure. Considering the broad applications of these nanoparticles in personal health care products, the functionalized polymer coating can potentially play an important role in protecting cells and tissue from damage.
报道了人体皮肤成纤维细胞暴露于金红石型和锐钛矿型二氧化钛纳米颗粒的影响。这些颗粒会损害细胞功能，其中锐钛矿型在造成损伤方面更具效力。纳米颗粒暴露会减小细胞面积、降低细胞增殖、迁移能力以及收缩胶原蛋白的能力。研究表明，单个颗粒在没有内吞作用的情况下能够轻松穿透细胞膜，而对于较大的颗粒团簇则观察到一些内吞作用。一旦进入细胞，颗粒会被隔离在囊泡中，随着孵育时间的增加，囊泡会持续充满直至破裂。还测试了涂覆有致密接枝聚合物刷的颗粒，通过流式细胞术表明其可防止颗粒附着于细胞膜，从而有效减少细胞穿透，即使在无光照的情况下，这也能有效减少活性氧（ROS）的形成并保护细胞。鉴于这些纳米颗粒在个人护理产品中的广泛应用，功能化聚合物涂层可能在保护细胞和组织免受损伤方面发挥重要作用。
