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案例研究方法与文化相关性:通过一项针对移民到瑞典的伊朗老年人成功老龄化项目所汲取的经验教训。

Vignette methodology and culture-relevance: lessons learned through a project on successful aging with Iranian immigrants to Sweden.

作者信息

Torres Sandra

机构信息

National Institute for the Study of Aging and Later Life, Linköping University, Campus Norrköping, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden.

出版信息

J Cross Cult Gerontol. 2009 Mar;24(1):93-114. doi: 10.1007/s10823-009-9095-9.

Abstract

It is a well-known fact that cultural values play an important role in the construction of aging and old-age related understandings. This is why ethnogerontologists have tried to expand the gerontological imagination by arguing that research needs to become more culturally-relevant. Tapping into the values that people uphold and the understandings of aging that are shaped by them is a challenging endeavor. This is especially the case if one does not share the cultural background of the people whose values one is studying. The same holds true when one wants to shed light on understandings that mainstream social gerontology regards as deviations from the norm. It is after all relatively easy to "impose the Western template" under such circumstances. Vignette methodology has been found to be particularly useful when studying value-laden understandings. This is why it is an appropriate method to consider when designing research that aims to avoid the imposition of the Western template. This article focuses on the pros and cons of this methodology while discussing some of the lessons learned from a project that explored how the construct of successful aging is understood by a group of Iranian immigrants to Sweden. It will be argued that vignettes are particularly useful when trying to shed culturally-relevant light on aging and old age-related understandings.

摘要

文化价值观在构建与衰老及老年相关的认知方面发挥着重要作用,这是一个众所周知的事实。这就是为什么老年民族学家试图通过主张研究需要变得更具文化相关性来拓展老年学的想象力。挖掘人们秉持的价值观以及由这些价值观塑造的对衰老的认知是一项具有挑战性的工作。如果研究者与所研究人群的文化背景不同,情况尤其如此。当人们想要阐明主流社会老年学认为偏离常态的认知时,情况也是如此。毕竟在这种情况下“套用西方模式”相对容易。在研究充满价值观的认知时,案例法已被证明特别有用。这就是为什么在设计旨在避免套用西方模式的研究时,它是一种值得考虑的合适方法。本文在讨论从一个探讨一群瑞典伊朗移民如何理解成功老龄化概念的项目中吸取的一些经验教训的同时,重点论述了这种方法的优缺点。有人会认为,在试图从文化相关的角度阐明对衰老及与老年相关的认知时,案例特别有用。

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