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足球比赛后肌肉力量能力的快速变化。

Rapid muscle force capacity changes after soccer match play.

作者信息

Thorlund J B, Aagaard P, Madsen K

机构信息

Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

出版信息

Int J Sports Med. 2009 Apr;30(4):273-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1104587. Epub 2009 Feb 6.

Abstract

The present study examined the fatigue development in muscle mechanical properties with emphasis on rapid force characteristics and neuromuscular activity in response to high level soccer match play. Young elite soccer players (n=9) were tested before (CON) and after (POST) a soccer match for maximal knee extensor and flexor isometric strength (MVC) and contractile rate of force development (RFD) with synchronous surface electromyography (EMG) recording. Furthermore, maximal vertical jump power and related parameters were assessed. Isometric knee extensor and flexor MVC decreased approximately 10% (p< or =0.01) along with a right-shift in the moment-time curve. RFD decreased approximately 9% (0-200 ms) for the knee flexors while there was a tendency towards reduced RFD during knee extension following soccer match play. Similar reductions were observed for some but not all selected EMG parameters during the MVC and RFD tests. Mechanical jump parameters generally remained unchanged post match play. This study is the first to examine the fatigue induced changes in rapid muscle force production (RFD) induced by soccer match play. The observed decrement in rapid muscle force capacity is likely to have negative impact on performance in explosive playing actions (i.e. accelerations, kicking, sprinting) that typically is involved in soccer match play.

摘要

本研究考察了肌肉力学特性中的疲劳发展情况,重点关注快速力量特征以及高水平足球比赛中神经肌肉活动的变化。年轻的精英足球运动员(n = 9)在一场足球比赛前(CON)和比赛后(POST)接受测试,测量最大膝关节伸肌和屈肌等长力量(MVC)以及力量发展收缩速率(RFD),同时同步记录表面肌电图(EMG)。此外,还评估了最大垂直跳跃功率及相关参数。等长膝关节伸肌和屈肌的MVC下降了约10%(p≤0.01),同时力矩 - 时间曲线右移。膝关节屈肌的RFD在0 - 200毫秒内下降了约9%,而足球比赛后膝关节伸展过程中RFD有下降趋势。在MVC和RFD测试期间,部分而非全部选定的EMG参数也出现了类似程度的下降。比赛后机械跳跃参数总体上保持不变。本研究首次考察了足球比赛引起的快速肌肉力量产生(RFD)的疲劳诱导变化。观察到的快速肌肉力量能力下降可能会对足球比赛中典型的爆发性动作(如加速、踢球、短跑)的表现产生负面影响。

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