Mashimo Tomoji, Serikawa Tadao
Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2009 Feb;10(2):214-20. doi: 10.2174/138920109787315105.
The laboratory rat is obviously an important model for physiology, pathology, pharmacology, toxicology, and transplantation experiments. The value for pharmacological research is immense since virtually every drug approved for human treatment passes through the body of laboratory rats. Hundreds of unique rat models have been developed to mimic pathological and physiological human clinical conditions, especially in the case of complex diseases. Many of the model rats are deposited into rat resource centers, from which researchers can use and share animals and rat related resources in biomedical research. Recent progressing technologies for genetically engineered rats, such as traditional transgenesis, chemical ENU mutagenesis, and transposon insertional mutagenesis, will provide thousands of useful rat models for functional genomics and human diseases. Globally acting rat resource centers are prerequisites for successful and sustainable research in the biomedical field where the rats are used as model species.
实验大鼠显然是生理学、病理学、药理学、毒理学及移植实验的重要模型。其在药理学研究中的价值巨大，因为几乎每一种获批用于人类治疗的药物都要经过实验大鼠的身体。人们已经开发出数百种独特的大鼠模型来模拟人类的病理和生理临床状况，尤其是在复杂疾病方面。许多模型大鼠被存放在大鼠资源中心，研究人员可以从中获取并在生物医学研究中共享动物及与大鼠相关的资源。基因工程大鼠的最新技术进展，如传统转基因技术、化学ENU诱变技术和转座子插入诱变技术，将为功能基因组学和人类疾病研究提供数千种有用的大鼠模型。全球性的大鼠资源中心是在将大鼠用作模型物种的生物医学领域开展成功且可持续研究的先决条件。
