Mjos O D, Thelle D S, Forde O H, Vik-Mo H
Acta Med Scand. 1977;201(4):323-9. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1977.tb15707.x.
A family study of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and total serum cholesterol concentration has been undertaken, and the relation to age, sex, cigarette smoking, physical activity and familial occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI) was examined. HDL cholesterol was determined in 251 females and 194 males and total serum cholesterol in 677 females and 657 males, all aged 0-49 years. With respect to HDL cholesterol, significant sex differences were observed both in absolute level and in age-related change. A negative correlation between HDL cholesterol and total serum cholesterol was observed in all age groups except females aged 0-19 years, supporting the hypothesis of HDL as a ""clearing'' lipoprotein. HDL cholesterol showed a positive correlation only in pairs of first-degree relatives involving the mother and in sib-sib paris of the same sex. On the other hand, for serum cholesterol a positive correlation was found among all family members, although significantly higher between first-degree relatives than between spouses. No relation was found between cigarette smoking, physical activity of familial occurrence of MI and the HDL cholesterol or total serum cholesterol concentrations. In accordance with the ""HDL hypothesis'', the present finding could partly explain the higher incidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in males than in females, and partly also the high risk which is transmitted from women with IHD to their first-degree relatives.
我们进行了一项关于血清高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇和总血清胆固醇浓度的家族研究，并考察了其与年龄、性别、吸烟、身体活动以及心肌梗死（MI）家族发病率之间的关系。对251名女性和194名男性测定了HDL胆固醇，对677名女性和657名男性测定了总血清胆固醇，所有受试者年龄均在0至49岁之间。关于HDL胆固醇，在绝对水平和年龄相关变化方面均观察到显著的性别差异。除0至19岁女性外，在所有年龄组中均观察到HDL胆固醇与总血清胆固醇之间呈负相关，这支持了HDL作为一种“清除”脂蛋白的假说。HDL胆固醇仅在涉及母亲的一级亲属对以及同性别的兄弟姐妹对中呈正相关。另一方面，对于血清胆固醇，在所有家庭成员之间均发现呈正相关，尽管一级亲属之间的相关性明显高于配偶之间。未发现吸烟、身体活动或MI家族发病率与HDL胆固醇或总血清胆固醇浓度之间存在关联。根据“HDL假说”，目前的研究结果可以部分解释男性缺血性心脏病（IHD）发病率高于女性的原因，也可以部分解释患有IHD的女性将高风险传递给其一级亲属的现象。
