Talas Melek Serpil
Nursing Department, Ankara University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
J Clin Nurs. 2009 May;18(10):1394-403. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02523.x. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
To describe the rate of needlestick/sharp injuries in nursing students, to estimate the rate of vaccination administration and to define nursing students' status using universal precautions for protecting from blood-borne infections.
Nursing students have a high risk of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens because they may have insufficient background knowledge to recognise the level of risk posed by a particular patient and their inexperience with procedural skills and infection control procedures.
This study was designed as a retrospective and descriptive survey.
The frequency and mechanism of needlestick/sharp injuries and hepatitis B immunisation were determined retrospectively by surveying students in three nursing schools. In November 2004, 473 students were questioned about needlestick/sharp injuries that they had sustained during their clinical practice and hepatitis B immunisations.
Forty-nine per cent of the students who responded sustained injuries; of these 74% were injured while on wards. The highest number (72.2%) had been injured by hollow-bore needles; 65.2% who were injured were not wearing gloves at the time of injury; 27% of injuries were associated with recapping the needle; 43.9% reported their injuries to administrators and the rate of those receiving medical assistance after needlestick/sharp injuries was less than not seeking assistance; 67.7% had been vaccinated against hepatitis B.
This study showed that nursing students frequently sustain needlestick/sharp injuries and hepatitis B immunisation rate was low.
Findings will help in designing more intensive education programs directed at the students to increase their awareness of and compliance with Universal Precautions and in instituting policies so that they are fully immunised against hepatitis B before beginning clinical practice.
描述护理专业学生针刺伤/锐器伤的发生率，估算疫苗接种率，并明确护理专业学生在采用通用防护措施预防血源性病原体感染方面的状况。
护理专业学生职业暴露于血源性病原体的风险较高，因为他们可能缺乏足够的背景知识来识别特定患者带来的风险水平，并且在操作技能和感染控制程序方面经验不足。
本研究设计为一项回顾性描述性调查。
通过对三所护理学校的学生进行调查，回顾性地确定针刺伤/锐器伤的发生频率及机制以及乙肝疫苗接种情况。2004年11月，对473名学生进行了询问，了解他们在临床实习期间遭受的针刺伤/锐器伤以及乙肝疫苗接种情况。
做出回应的学生中有49%受过伤；其中74%是在病房受伤。受伤人数最多的是被空心针所伤（72.2%）；65.2%的受伤学生在受伤时未戴手套；27%的受伤与回套针帽有关；43.9%的学生向管理人员报告了他们的受伤情况，针刺伤/锐器伤后接受医疗救助的比例低于未寻求救助的比例；67.7%的学生接种了乙肝疫苗。
本研究表明护理专业学生经常遭受针刺伤/锐器伤，且乙肝疫苗接种率较低。
研究结果将有助于设计针对学生的更强化教育项目，以提高他们对通用防护措施的认识和依从性，并制定政策，使他们在开始临床实习前能完全接种乙肝疫苗。
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