deVries B, Cossart Y E
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1994 Apr 4;160(7):398-400.
To determine the incidence of needlestick injuries and the prevalence of hepatitis B vaccination among medical students, dentistry students, and hospital staff.
Anonymous survey of final year medical students and dentistry students enrolled at Sydney University in 1992, and nursing staff and doctors employed in the wards and emergency department of Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney.
During their clinical training, 22% of medical students and 72% of dentistry students had received one or more contaminated, penetrating "sharps" injuries. Of hospital staff, 50% of ward nurses, 71% of ward doctors, and 50% of emergency staff had received this type of injury during the previous two years. Students were significantly more likely to be vaccinated against hepatitis B than hospital staff (P < 0.001)--98% of medical students and 95% of dentistry students had received a full course of vaccination. The rate of vaccination among hospital staff ranged from 79% in emergency staff to 85% in ward nurses.
Clinical students sustain needlestick injuries at a rate comparable with hospital personnel and therefore face a significant risk of exposure to transmissible pathogens, including hepatitis B virus, HIV, and hepatitis C virus. The rate of hepatitis B vaccination is high among clinical hospital staff and almost universal among medical and dentistry students.
确定医学生、牙科学生及医院工作人员针刺伤的发生率和乙肝疫苗接种率。
对1992年悉尼大学最后一年的医学生和牙科学生，以及悉尼皇家阿尔弗雷德医院病房和急诊科的护理人员及医生进行匿名调查。
在临床培训期间，22%的医学生和72%的牙科学生曾遭受过一次或多次被污染的锐器穿透伤。在医院工作人员中，50%的病房护士、71%的病房医生和50%的急诊科工作人员在过去两年中曾遭受过此类伤害。学生接种乙肝疫苗的可能性显著高于医院工作人员（P<0.001）——98%的医学生和95%的牙科学生已完成全程疫苗接种。医院工作人员的疫苗接种率从急诊科工作人员的79%到病房护士的85%不等。
临床学生针刺伤的发生率与医院工作人员相当，因此面临接触包括乙肝病毒、艾滋病毒和丙肝病毒在内的可传播病原体的重大风险。临床医院工作人员乙肝疫苗接种率较高，在医学生和牙科学生中几乎普及。
