National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, ARS, USDA, 1815 North University Street, Peoria, Illinois 61604-3902, USA.
J Nat Prod. 2009 Mar 27;72(3):516-23. doi: 10.1021/np8006217.
Investigations of natural products isolated from seeds have resulted in a remarkable variety of compounds having unusual structures. Seeds of many plant species contain uncommon fatty acids and lipids, some of which have found uses in the cosmetic industry or as renewable (non-petroleum based) industrial raw materials. In addition to proteins and energy storage substances such as carbohydrates and lipids, seeds generally contain, or have the ability to produce, protective compounds that are active as plant growth regulators, fungicides, insecticides, and repellents of herbivores; seeds occasionally contain compounds that are toxic to most other organisms. These compounds may also be present in other plant parts, but often are found at higher concentrations in seeds. Other compounds of interest have been associated with plant-endophyte interactions that are of mutual benefit to both organisms. Tests of seed extracts for cytotoxic and antitumor activity, toxicity to insects, and relationships to several animal disease syndromes have been revealing. Examples of compounds isolated from plant seeds that have served as lead compounds for additional research, or that continue to be of interest to researchers in multiple areas, are reviewed.
从植物种子中分离得到的天然产物的研究产生了许多具有独特结构的化合物。许多植物物种的种子含有不常见的脂肪酸和脂质，其中一些已在化妆品工业或作为可再生（非石油基）工业原料中得到应用。除了蛋白质和碳水化合物和脂质等能量储存物质外，种子通常还含有或具有产生作为植物生长调节剂、杀菌剂、杀虫剂和食草动物驱避剂的活性的保护化合物；种子偶尔含有对大多数其他生物体有毒的化合物。这些化合物也可能存在于其他植物部分，但通常在种子中浓度更高。其他感兴趣的化合物与对双方都有益的植物内生菌相互作用有关。对种子提取物的细胞毒性和抗肿瘤活性、对昆虫的毒性以及与几种动物疾病综合征的关系的测试已经揭示了一些情况。本文综述了从植物种子中分离得到的一些化合物，这些化合物已被用作进一步研究的先导化合物，或者继续受到多个领域研究人员的关注。
