Rylander Charlotta, Sandanger Torkjel Manning, Brustad Magritt
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
J Environ Monit. 2009 Feb;11(2):370-6. doi: 10.1039/b811868j. Epub 2008 Nov 28.
There are strong indications that a moderate intake of fatty fish decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases due to its content of omega-3 fatty acids. Other studies indicate that fatty fish consumption increase the body burden of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and may thereby increase the risk of negative health effects. Many of the latter studies are based on POP analysis of fatty fish, from which a recommended daily intake for humans has been calculated based on the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) obtained from animal studies. Studies investigating associations between human plasma concentrations of POPs and intake of marine food show deviating results. In this study we investigated associations between self-reported intake of marine food (fatty fish, fish liver, fish liver oil, seagull eggs and halibut) and plasma concentrations of POPs. The study group consisted of 44 women and 16 men from northern Norway with a marine based diet. In addition to donate blood samples, the participants answered a detailed food frequency questionnaire with special emphasis on marine food consumption. Concentrations of 25 different POPs were measured in plasma. PCB 153 and p'p-DDE were the most ubiquitous PCB and chlorinated pesticide and the geometric mean concentrations were 73 ng/g lipids and 116 ng/g lipids respectively. The main findings in this study were that age, gender and intake of fresh fish liver oil were significant predictors of three of the most common PCBs and trans-Nonachlor in this study group. In addition, intake of seagull eggs influenced the concentration of PCB 180. However, even though the participants had a high intake of marine food they did not have elevated levels of POPs compared to other study groups. Intake of fatty fish did not significantly affect the body burden of POPs in this study group.
有充分迹象表明，适量食用富含脂肪的鱼类可降低心血管疾病风险，这归因于其所含的ω-3脂肪酸。其他研究表明，食用富含脂肪的鱼类会增加持久性有机污染物（POPs）的身体负担，进而可能增加对健康产生负面影响的风险。许多后续研究基于对富含脂肪鱼类的POPs分析，据此根据动物研究得出的未观察到有害作用水平（NOAEL）计算出人类的每日推荐摄入量。调查人类血浆中POPs浓度与海洋食物摄入量之间关联的研究结果存在差异。在本研究中，我们调查了自我报告的海洋食物（富含脂肪的鱼类、鱼肝、鱼肝油、海鸥蛋和大比目鱼）摄入量与血浆中POPs浓度之间的关联。研究组由44名女性和16名男性组成，他们来自挪威北部，以海洋食物为主食。除了捐献血样外，参与者还回答了一份详细的食物频率问卷，特别强调了海洋食物的消费情况。测量了血浆中25种不同POPs的浓度。多氯联苯153和p,p'-滴滴伊是最普遍存在的多氯联苯和有机氯农药，几何平均浓度分别为73纳克/克脂质和116纳克/克脂质。本研究的主要发现是，年龄、性别和新鲜鱼肝油的摄入量是该研究组中三种最常见多氯联苯和反式九氯的重要预测因素。此外，海鸥蛋的摄入量影响了多氯联苯180的浓度。然而，尽管参与者大量摄入海洋食物，但与其他研究组相比，他们的POPs水平并未升高。在该研究组中，富含脂肪鱼类的摄入量并未显著影响POPs的身体负担。
