Rusch Laura C, Kanter Jonathan W, Brondino Michael J
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2009 Feb;197(2):104-10. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e318192416f.
Stigma reduction programs are dominated by a biomedical model that presents depression as a medical illness. Alternately, a contextual model emphasizes that one should not be blamed for environmental influences. This study compared biomedical, contextual, and control stigma reduction programs to each other and to a no-program control. The main hypotheses were that the contextual program would have the greatest impact and that a match between participants' beliefs about depression and the model presented would moderate this effect. Seventy-four participants were randomized to the 3 programs and 12 participants served as a no-program control. The contextual and control programs reduced stigma significantly compared with the no-program control, whereas the biomedical program did not. Beliefs about depression moderated this effect only for the biomedical condition. Contextual and control programs seem to be effective but a biomedical model may be risky for those who disagree with the model. Theoretical implications are discussed.
减少污名化的项目主要由一种生物医学模式主导，该模式将抑郁症视为一种医学疾病。另一种情境模式则强调，不应因环境影响而责怪个人。本研究将生物医学、情境和对照减少污名化项目相互比较，并与无项目对照进行比较。主要假设是，情境项目的影响最大，参与者对抑郁症的信念与所呈现的模式之间的匹配将调节这种影响。74名参与者被随机分配到3个项目中，12名参与者作为无项目对照。与无项目对照相比，情境和对照项目显著降低了污名化，而生物医学项目则没有。对抑郁症的信念仅在生物医学条件下调节了这种影响。情境和对照项目似乎是有效的，但生物医学模式对于那些不同意该模式的人可能存在风险。文中讨论了理论意义。
