The David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Aab Institute for Biomedical Research, Rochester, NY, USA.
Immunol Res. 2009 Dec;45(2-3):159-72. doi: 10.1007/s12026-009-8097-6. Epub 2009 Feb 13.
CD28 is recognized as the primary costimulatory molecule involved in the activation of naïve T cells. However, the biochemical signaling pathways that are activated by CD28 and how these pathways are integrated with TCR signaling are still not understood. We have recently shown that there are at least two independent activation pathways induced by CD28 costimulation. One is integrated with TCR signaling in the context of the immunological synapse and is mediated through transcriptional enhancement and the second is mediated through the induction of mRNA stability. Here, we review the immunological consequences and biochemical mechanisms associated with CD28 costimulation and discuss the major questions that need to be resolved to understand the molecular mechanisms that transduce CD28 costimulation.
CD28 被认为是参与初始 T 细胞激活的主要共刺激分子。然而，CD28 激活的生化信号通路以及这些通路如何与 TCR 信号通路整合仍不清楚。我们最近表明，CD28 共刺激至少诱导了两条独立的激活通路。一条通路在免疫突触中与 TCR 信号通路整合，并通过转录增强介导，另一条通路通过诱导 mRNA 稳定性介导。在此，我们综述了与 CD28 共刺激相关的免疫学后果和生化机制，并讨论了需要解决的主要问题，以了解转导 CD28 共刺激的分子机制。
