Blasi F, Tarsia P, Aliberti S
Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Milan, IRCCS Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009 Jan;15(1):29-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02130.x.
Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection is ubiquitous. It accounts for 10% of community-acquired pneumonias and 5% of cases of pharyngitis, bronchitis and sinusitis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. It is also involved in exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and asthma. Moreover, C. pneumoniae has been reported as a possible cause of atherosclerosis and central nervous system disorders. The current reference standard for serological diagnosis of acute infection is microimmunofluorescence testing, although molecular detection techniques may well become reference diagnostic tests in the near future. Tetracyclines and erythromycin show good in vitro activity, and so far have been the most commonly employed drugs in the treatment of C. pneumoniae infection. New macrolides, ketolides and fluoroquinolones are other potentially effective drugs. This review analyses the most recent data concerning the involvement of C. pneumoniae in human diseases.
肺炎衣原体感染十分普遍。在免疫功能正常和免疫功能低下的宿主中，它占社区获得性肺炎的10%，以及咽炎、支气管炎和鼻窦炎病例的5%。它还与慢性支气管炎和哮喘的加重有关。此外，肺炎衣原体已被报道为动脉粥样硬化和中枢神经系统疾病的可能病因。目前急性感染血清学诊断的参考标准是微量免疫荧光检测，不过分子检测技术在不久的将来很可能会成为参考诊断试验。四环素和红霉素在体外显示出良好的活性，并且迄今为止一直是治疗肺炎衣原体感染最常用的药物。新型大环内酯类、酮内酯类和氟喹诺酮类是其他潜在有效的药物。这篇综述分析了有关肺炎衣原体在人类疾病中作用的最新数据。
